词根：arch, archy = government, to rule统治
词根arch 来自希腊语的arkhos，一般构成名词，亦可以当词根讲 意为government,to rule。arch 还有chief,first,old的含义。它们属于一对同源异形根，在派生词中，arch 常指统治的人物，作 ruler 统治者讲；而 archy 常指统治这一行为、方式，作rule 管理/管辖/统治或 government 政体讲。同义词根有来自希腊语的cracy/crat 和来自拉丁语的reg。
同源词：
1. anarchy （无政府状态an(=not,without) + arch(=government)）
n.无政府状态；混乱，无秩序
anarchism n.无政府主义
anarchist n.无政府主义者
Without a federal government a nation devolves into anarchy. 若没有联邦政府，国家就会陷入无政府状态。
2. autarchy
n.独裁，专制 *aut<auto(=self),arch(=rule)
3. autarky
n.国家经济的自给自足 *aut<auto(=self),ark<arch(=rule)
4. diarchy
n.两头政治 *di(=two),arch(=rule)
5. matriarch
n.女家长，女族长；女统治者；女负责人世间 *matri(=mother),arch(=rule)
matriarchy n.母系氏族制
matriarchal adj.母系氏族制的
6. monarchy
n.君主政治，君主制；君主国 *mon<mono(=one),arch(=rule)
monarchism n.君主制，君主主义
monarchist n.君主主义者
absolute /despotic monarchy 专制君主制
constitutional /limited monarchy 君主立宪制（政体）
7. monarch
n.君主 *mon<mono(=one),arch(=rule)
monarchic adj.君主的，君主政体的
8. oligarchy
n.寡头政治（<-->polyarchy 多头政治）；寡头政治的国家 *olig(=few),arch(=rule)
oligarch n.寡头统治集团成员
9. patriarch
n.家长，族长；元老，长老；最年长者 *patri(=father),arch(=rule)
patriarchy n.父权制
partiarchal adj.家长的，族长的；德高望重的
10. archangel
n.大天使 *arch (=chief)
11. archbishop
n.大主教，主教长 *arch(=chief)
archbishopric n.大主教的职务、辖区、管辖区
12. archdeacon
n.英国国教的会吏总 *arch(=chief)
archdeaconry n.会吏总的职位、住宅
13. archdiocese
n.大主教（管辖区）*arch(=chief),di<dia(=through),oce<eco(=house)
14. archenemy
n.不共戴天的敌人，主要敌人 *arch(=chief)
15. archetype
n.原型 *arch(=chief)
archetypal n.原型
16. archipelago
n.群岛；有很多岛屿的海；（the A ～）爱琴海 *arch(=chief),pelago(=sea)
17. architect
n.设计师；建筑师；<喻>缔造者 *arch(=chief),tect(=build,carpenter)
naval architect 造船工程师
the (Great) Architect 造物主
the architect of one's own fortunes 自我命运的创造者
18. architecture
n.建筑术；建筑学；建筑风格；结构，构造 *arch(=chief),tect(=build,carpenter)
Romanesque architecture 罗马式的建筑风格
architecture of a novel 小说的结构
19. architectural
adj.建筑学的；建筑术的；建筑的 *arch(=chief),tect(=build,carpenter)
the architectural beauties of a city 城市的建筑美
architectural engineer 建筑工程师
20. archaeology
n.考古学 *arch(=old),ology(=science)
archaeological adj.考古学的
archaeologist n.考古学者
21. archaic
adj.古老的；古式的；古体的 *arch(=old)
22. archives
n.（pl.）档案室，案卷保管处；档案 *arch(=old)
archivist n.档案保管员
词根：arch = chief （主要的）
architect n. 建筑师
archipei ago n 群岛
词根词缀：austro-, austr-, austral-, auster-
【来源及含义】Latin: south, south wind, southern
【相关词根词缀】 Cross references of word groups that are related, directly or indirectly, to: "air, wind": aello-; aeolo-; aero-; anemo-; atmo-; flat-, flatu-; phys-; pneo-, -pnea; pneumato-; turb-; vent-; zephyro-.
【同源单词】Archipel Indo-Australien, aurora australis, Aurora Australis or aurora australis, Aurora, Auster, austral
词根词缀：cement-
【来源及含义】Latin: caementa, "stone chips" from caedere, "to cut down, chop, beat, hew, fell, slay"
【同源单词】cement, cementation, cementatory, cementite, cementum
词根词缀：pelago-, pelag-
【来源及含义】Greek [pelagos] > Latin [pelagicus]: sea, pertaining to the sea or ocean
【相关描述】Sea depths are estimates and the number of feet versus meters is calculated at 3.28 feet per meter.
【相关词根词缀】Inter-related cross references, directly or indirectly, involving the "sea" and the "ocean" bodies of water: abysso- (bottomless); Atlantic; batho-, bathy- (depth); bentho- (deep, depth); halio-, halo- (salt or "the sea"); mare, mari- (sea); necto-, nekto- (swimming); oceano-; plankto- (drifting); thalasso- (sea, ocean).
【同源单词】abyssopelagic, allopelagic, Archipel Indo-Australien, archipelago, autopelagic, bathypelagic
词根词缀：pterygo-, pteryg-
【来源及含义】Greek: wing
【同源单词】acanthopterygian, actinopterygian, Actinopterygii, apterygial, Apterygota, archipterygium
词根词缀：tycho-, tych-
【来源及含义】Greek: chance, fortune, fate, providence; by accident, an unforeseen or unexpected occurrence
【相关词根词缀】 A cross reference of other word family units that are related directly, or indirectly, to: "chance, luck, fate": aleato-; auspic-; cad-; fortu-; -mancy; serendipity; sorc-; temer-.
【同源单词】atychiphobia, dystychiphobia, tychastical results, tychastics, Tyche, tychemortia