后缀：-ing ①[名词后缀]
1、构成抽象名词，表示行为、状态、情况及其他
learning 学问，学识
feeling 感觉
shopping 买东西
walking 步行，散步
farming 耕作
schooling 教育
teaching 教导
ageing 老化
sleeping 睡眠
swimming 游泳
shipping 装运
broadcasting 广播
2、表示...行业、...学、...术、...法
tailoring 裁缝业
shoemaking 制鞋业
banking 银行业，银行学
accounting 会计学，会计
hairdressing 理发业
bonesetting 正骨法
sailing 航海术，航法
boxing 拳术
3、表示总称及材料（与...有关之物，制...所有的材料）
clothing 衣服
hatting 制帽材料
bedding 床上用品
fleshing 肉色紧身衣
sacking 麻袋布
shirting 衬衫料
bagging 制袋用的材料
coating 上衣衣料
felting 制毡材料
4、表示某种行为的产物，为某种行为而用之物、与某种行为有关之物，与某种事物有关之物
building 建筑物，楼房
carving 雕刻物
holding 占有物
giving 给予物，礼物
colouring 颜料
winning 赢得物，锦标
filling 填充物，填料
legging 护腿，绑腿
footing 立足处，立足点
washing 待洗的衣服
②[形容词后缀]
表示“...的”、“正在...的”、“...着的”、“使...的”
changing 正在变化的
burning 燃烧的
fighting 战斗的
developing 发展中的
rising 上升的
encouraging 振奋人心的
surprising 使人惊讶的
exciting 使人兴奋的
growing 成长中的
falling 下降的
③[构成介词]
excepting 除...之外
regarding 关于
concerning 关于
failing 如果没有
during 在...期间
considering 考虑到，就...而论
词根词缀：claudica-, claudic-, claud-
【来源及含义】Latin: lame, lameness, a limping; gait impaired [walking disability]; walking with uneven steps
【同源单词】claudicant, claudicate, claudication, claudicatory, intermittent claudication, intermittent claudication of the cauda equina
词根词缀：grad-, -grade, -gred, -gree, -gress
【来源及含义】Latin: walk, step, take steps, move around; walking or stepping
【同源单词】ad eundem gradum, aggradation, aggression, aggressive, aggressively, aggressiveness
词根词缀：meand-
【来源及含义】Greek: winding; from a winding river; by extension, curving, walking around slowly, drifting, wandering, roaming, going around aimlessly
【相关词根词缀】 Cross references of word families that are related directly, or indirectly, to: "river, stream": amni-; fluvio-; oceano-; potamo-; ripari-. Inter-related cross references involving word units meaning "bend, curve, turn": diversi-; diverticul-; flect-, flex-; gyro-; -plex; streph-; stroph-; tors-; tropo-; verg-; vers-; volv-.
【同源单词】meander, meander, meander line, meandered, meanderer, meandering
词根词缀：morpho-, morph-, -morphous, -morphically, -morphia, -morphosis, -morphously, -morphy, -morphic, -morphism
【来源及含义】Greek: shape, form, figure, appearance
【相关描述】The Roman god of sleep is Somnus; so, when we are sleepy, we are "somnolent". Sleep walking is "somnambulism" which in Latin means exactly the same thing; that is, "sleepwalking".
The son of Somnus is Morpheus, the god of dreams, indicating that sleep gives birth to dreams. Morpheus goes back through Latin to the Greek word for "form" or "shape" because dreams are forms and shapes developed in the mind while sleeping.
【相关词根词缀】 Inter-related cross references, directly or indirectly, involving word units dealing with "form, shape, appearance": eido-; figur-; form-; icono-; ideo-; imag-; -oid; typo-.
【同源单词】acrostomorphilia, actinomorphic, actinomorphous, actinomorphy, adelomorphous, aeromorphosis
词根词缀：ped-, pedi-, -pedal, -ped, -pede, -pedia
【来源及含义】Latin: foot, feet; people often see this ped element in other words. When people refer to "pedal extremities", they mean "feet". When anyone pushes the pedals of a bicycle, it is done with the feet. A pedestrian must use the feet for walking. A quadruped has four feet while a centipede has "100 feet"; or a large number of them because it may be impossible to count all of them.
【相关词根词缀】 Related "foot, feet" units: melo-; planta-; podo-; -pus.