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put (v.)[put 词源字典]: late Old English *putian, implied in putung "instigation, an urging," literally "a putting;" related to pytan "put out, thrust out" (of eyes), probably from a Germanic stem that also produced Danish putte "to put," Swedish dialectal putta; Middle Dutch pote "scion, plant," Dutch poten "to plant," Old Norse pota "to poke."

Meaning "act of casting a heavy stone overhead" (as a trial of strength) is attested from c. 1300. Obsolete past tense form putted is attested 14c.-15c. To put down "end by force or authority" (a rebellion, etc.) is from c. 1300. Adjective phrase put out "angry, upset" is first recorded 1887; to put out, of a woman, "to offer oneself for sex" is from 1947. To put upon (someone) "play a trick on, impose on" is from 1690s. To put up with "tolerate, accept" (1755) was originally to put up, as in "to pocket." To put (someone) on "deceive" is from 1958.[put etymology, put origin, 英语词源]
put (n.): c. 1300, "act of throwing a weight overhand as a test of strength," from put (v.). General meaning "act of putting" is from early 15c. Also compare putt (n.).
put-down (n.): "insult, snub," 1962, from verbal phrase put down "to snub," attested from c. 1400; see put (v.) + down (adv.).
put-on (n.): "ruse, deception," 1937, from earlier adjectival meaning "assumed, feigned" (1620s), a figurative extension of the notion of putting on costumes or disguises; from put (v.) + on (adv.). The expression put (someone) on "play a trick on" seems to be a back-formation from the noun.
put-put: indicating the sound of a muffled internal combustion engine, 1904, imitative.
putative (adj.): early 15c., from Middle French putatif, from Late Latin putativus "supposed," from Latin putat-, past participle stem of putare "to judge, suppose, believe, suspect," originally "to clean, trim, prune" (see pave). At first especially in putative marriage, one which, though legally invalid, was contracted in good faith by at least one party. Related: Putatively.
putrefaction (n.): c. 1400, from Old French putrefaction (14c.), from Latin putrefactionem (nominative putrefactio), noun of action from past participle stem of putrefacere "to make rotten," from putrere "to be rotten" (see putrid) + facere "to make, do" (see factitious).
putrefy (v.): mid-15c., from Middle French putréfier, from Latin putrefacere "to make rotten," from putrere "to stink" (see putrid) + facere "to make, do" (see factitious). Related: Putrefied; putrefying.
putrescence (n.): 1640s, from Latin putrescentem (nominative putrescens), present participle of putrescere "grow rotten, moulder, decay," inchoative of putrere "be rotten" (see putrid).
putrescent (adj.): 1732, a back-formation from putrescence, or else from Latin putrescentem (nominative putrescens), present participle of putrescere "grow rotten, moulder, decay," inchoative of putrere "be rotten" (see putrid).
putrid (adj.): early 15c., from Latin putridus, from putrere "to rot," from putris "rotten, crumbling," related to putere "to stink," from PIE root *pu- (2) "to rot, stink" (see pus). First in reference to putrid fever, an old name for typhus (also known in Middle English as putrida). Related: Putrification.
putridity (n.): 1630s, from Medieval Latin putriditas, from Latin putridus (see putrid).
putsch (n.): 1920, from German Putsch "revolt, riot," from Swiss dialect, literally "a sudden blow, push, thrust, shock," of imitative origin.
putt (v.): 1510s, Scottish, "to push, shove," a special use and pronunciation of put (v.). Golfing sense is from 1743. Meaning "to throw" (a stone, as a demonstration of strength) is from 1724; this also is the putt in shot putting. Related: Putted; putting.
putt (n.): c. 1300, "a putting, pushing, shoving, thrusting," special use and pronunciation of put (n.). Golfing sense is from 1743.
puttee (n.): 1875, from Hindi patti "band, bandage," from Sanskrit pattah "strip of cloth."
putter (v.): "keep busy in a rather useless way," 1841, originally among farmers, alteration of potter (v.). Related: Puttered; puttering.
putter (n.): late 14c., "beast that pushes with the head," agent noun from put (v.). As a type of golf club used in putting, from 1743; see putt (v.).
putti (n.): 1640s, from Italian putti "small boys," plural of putto, from Latin putus "boy, child" (see puerility).
putty (n.): 1630s, "type of plasterer's cement," from French potée "polishing powder" (12c.), originally "pot-full, contents of a pot," from Old French pot "container" (see pot (n.1)). Meaning "soft mixture for sealing window panes" first recorded 1706. Figurative use in reference to one easily influenced is from 1924. Putty knife attested from 1834.