英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

puff-adder (n.)[puff-adder 词源字典]: 1789 of a South African snake that is venomous; 1882 of a western U.S. snake that is not; from puff (v.) + adder. [puff-adder etymology, puff-adder origin, 英语词源]
puff-ball (n.): type of fungus, 1640s, from puff + ball (n.1).
puffer (n.): 1620s, agent noun from puff (v.). As "one who praises or extols," from 1736. As a type of fish that inflates itself in defense, from 1814.
puffery (n.): "inflated laudation" [OED], 1782, from puff (v.) in its figurative sense + -ery.
puffin (n.): North Atlantic seabird, mid-14c., perhaps connected with puff on notion of appearance, or from some Celtic word (earliest association is with Cornwall and Scilly), and altered by influence of puff.
puffy (adj.): 1610s, of wind, "gusty," from puff + -y (2). Of other things, "swollen," from 1660s. Earliest attested use is figurative, "bombastic" (1590s). Related: Puffily; puffiness.
pug (n.): 1560s, general term of endearment (also puggy), probably related to puck (n.2); one of the earliest senses is "sprite, imp" (1610s). The sense of "miniature dog" is from 1749 (pug-dog); that of "monkey" is 1660s. The word at various times meant "a bargeman" (1590s), "a harlot" (c. 1600), and "an upper servant in a great house" (1847).
pug-nose (n.): 1778, from pug (n.) based on fancied similarity to the nose of either the monkey or the dog. Related: Pug-nosed.
pugilism (n.): 1789, from Latin pugil "boxer, fist-fighter," related to pugnus "fist" (see pugnacious) + -ism. Pugilation "fighting with fists," now obsolete, is recorded from 1650s.
pugilist (n.): 1789, from Latin pugil "boxer, fist-fighter," related to pugnus "a fist" (see pugnacious) + -ist. Related: Pugilistic (1789); pugilistically. Pugil occasionally turns up in English as "boxer, fist-fighter" (from 1640s), but it has not caught on. Pugil stick (1962) was introduced by U.S. military as a substitute for rifles in bayonet drills.
pugnacious (adj.): 1640s, a back-formation from pugnacity or else from Latin pugnacis, genitive of pugnax "combative, fond of fighting," from pugnare "to fight," especially with the fists, "contend against," from pugnus "a fist," from PIE *pung-, nasalized form of root *peuk-, *peug- "to stick, stab, to prick" (cognates: Greek pyx "with clenched fist," pygme "fist, boxing," pyktes "boxer;" Latin pungere "to pierce, prick").
pugnacity (n.): c. 1600, from Latin pugnacitas "fondness for fighting," from pugnax (genitive pugnacis) "combative" (see pugnacious).
puisne (adj.): "junior," c. 1300 in Anglo-Latin, from Old French puisné "born later, younger, youngest" (see puny).
puissance (n.): early 15c., "power, strength, authority," from Old French puissance, poissance "power, might" (12c.), from puissant (see puissant).
puissant (adj.): mid-15c., from Middle French puissant "strong, mighty, powerful," earlier poissant (12c.), from stem of Old French poeir "to be able" (see power (n.)). Related: Puissantly.
puka: type of necklace made from small shell fragments (or plastic imitations), by 1974, from Hawaiian puka, said to mean literally "hole," in references to small shell fragments with naturally occurring holes through them, suitable for stringing, found on beaches.
puke (v.): 1600, probably of imitative origin (compare German spucken "to spit," Latin spuere); first recorded in the "Seven Ages of Man" speech in Shakespeare's "As You Like It." Related: Puked; puking.
puke (n.): 1737, "a medicine which excites vomiting;" 1966 as "material thrown up in vomiting," from puke (v.). U.S. colloquial meaning "native of Missouri" (1835) might be a different word, of unknown origin.
It is well known, that the inhabitants of the several western States are called by certain nicknames. Those of Michigan are called wolverines; of Indiana, hooshers; of Illinois, suckers; of Ohio, buckeyes; of Kentucky, corn-crackers; of Missouri pukes, &c. To call a person by his right nickname, is always taken in good part, and gives no offence; but nothing is more offensive than to mis-nickname--that is, were you to call a hoosher a wolverine, his blood would be up in a moment, and he would immediately show fight. [A.A. Parker, "Trip to the West and Texas," Concord, N.H., 1835]
Bartlett (1859) has "A nickname for a native of Missouri" as the second sense of puke (n.), the first being "A mean, contemptible fellow." The association of the state nickname with the "vomit" word is at least from 1858, and folk etymology talks of the old state literally vomiting forth immigrants to California.
pulchritude (n.): "beauty," c. 1400, from Latin pulchritudo "beauty; excellence, attractiveness," from pulcher "beautiful," of unknown origin.
pulchritudinous (adj.): 1877, American English, from pulchritude (from Latin pulchritudino "beauty," genitive pulchritudinis) + -ous.