英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

evening [evening 词源字典]: evening: [OE] Evening is a derivative of even [OE], a word for ‘evening’ now restricted to bad poetry. This came ultimately from an Indo- European base, whose general meaning of ‘lateness’ is pointed up by other descendants such as Sanskrit apara- ‘later, western’, Greek opsé ‘late’, and Gothic iftuma ‘following, later’. The specific application to ‘latter part of the day’ seems only to have occurred in the Germanic languages, where it is represented in German abend and Dutch avond, and also possibly in Swedish afton and Danish aften (although these could be from another source).

The Old English word was ǣfen, which formed the basis of a verb ǣfnian ‘become evening’; the verbal noun derived from this has become English evening. Eve [13], as in ‘Christmas eve’, is a Middle English reduction of even.
[evening etymology, evening origin, 英语词源]
put: put: [12] Put is one of the commonest of English verbs, but its origins are uncertain. It goes back to an Old English *putian, never actually recorded but inferred from the verbal noun putung ‘instigation’, but where that came from is not known. It was presumably related to Old English potian ‘push, thrust’, whose Middle English descendant pote formed the basis of modern English potter [16]. The golfing term putt [18] is essentially the same word as put, differentiated in spelling and pronunciation.
=> potter, putt
supine: supine: [15] Supine means literally ‘lying on one’s back’. It comes from Latin supīnus. This was derived from a prehistoric base *sup- ‘up’ which also produced Latin super ‘above, over’ (and summus, source of English sum), so the word’s etymological meaning is presumably ‘with the front of one’s body upwards’. The metaphorical sense ‘inactive’ evolved in Latin. The origins of the use of supine as a noun, to designate a type of ‘verbal noun’, are not known.
veneer: veneer: [17] Veneer is ultimately the same word as furnish. Both come from Old French fournir, but veneer was routed via German, which borrowed fournir as furniren. The verbal noun derived from this, furnirung, was borrowed into English as faneering in the highly specialized sense ‘provision of a thin surface layer of fine wood’. The noun veneer was a back-formation from this.
=> furnish
abode (n.): mid-13c., "action of waiting," verbal noun identical with Old English abad, past participle of abiden "to abide" (see abide), used as a verbal noun. The present-to-preterite vowel change is consistent with an Old English class I strong verb (ride/rode, etc.). Meaning "habitual residence" is first attested 1570s.
accounting (n.): "reckoning of numbers," late 14c., verbal noun from account (v.). Phrase no accounting for tastes (1823) translates Latin de gustibus non est disputandum.
acting (n.): c. 1600, "performance of deeds;" 1660s, "performance of plays;" verbal noun from present participle of act (v.). Acting out in psychology is from 1945.
alluring (n.): 1530s, "action of attracting," verbal noun from allure (v.).
aping (n.): "imitation, mimicry," 1680s, verbal noun from ape (v.).
appealing: mid-15c. as a noun, "action of petitioning a higher court or authority," verbal noun from appeal (v.). Adjectival sense of "attractive" attested by 1892. Related: Appealingly.
arising (n.): verbal noun from arise (v.). Replaced in most senses by rising.
arresting (n.): early 15c., "action of stopping" someone or something, verbal noun from arrest (v.).
awing (n.): "action of inspiring with awe," 1650s, verbal noun from awe (v.).
backing (n.): 1590s, "support;" 1640s, "retreat;" verbal noun from back (v.). Physical sense of "anything forming a backing to something else" is from 1793. Meaning "musical accompaniment" is recorded from 1940.
banking (n.): "business of a banker," 1735, verbal noun from bank (v).
Banting (n.): system for weight loss through diet control, named for William Banting (1797-1878), English undertaker who invented it, tested it himself, and promoted it in his 1863 booklet "Letter on Corpulence, Addressed to the Public." Although the word is a surname, it was used like a verbal noun in -ing. ("She is banting").
barring (n.): late 14c., "act of fastening with a bar," verbal noun from bar (v.). Meaning "exclusion" is from 1630s. As a preposition, "excepting, excluding," it is from late 15c. Schoolhouse prank of barring out the teacher was in use before 1728.
bathing (n.): 1540s, verbal noun from bathe (v.). Bathing suit is recorded from 1852 (bathing costume from 1830); bathing beauty is 1920, from vaudeville.
bearing (n.): "carrying of oneself, deportment," mid-13c., verbal noun from bear (v.). Mechanical sense of "part of a machine that bears the friction" is from 1791.
beating (n.): c. 1200, beatunge "action of inflicting blows," verbal noun from beat (v.). Meaning "pulsation" is recorded from c. 1600.
belongings (n.): "goods, effects, possessions," 1817, from plural of verbal noun from belong.
beseeching (n.): "supplication, prayer," c. 1300, verbal noun from beseech. Related: Beseechingly; beseechingness.
billing (n.): 1875, "announcement on a bill or poster," verbal noun from bill (v.); hence top billing (1928). Meaning "act of sending out a bill" is recorded from 1908.
binding (n.): mid-13c., verbal noun from bind (v.). Meaning "thing that binds" is from c. 1300; "state of being bound" is from late 14c. Meaning "covering of a book" is recorded from 1640s.
blacking (n.): "thing which makes (something else) black," 1570s; as "action of making black," c. 1600, verbal noun from black (v.).
bleeding (n.): late 14c., "a flowing out of blood;" mid-15c. as "a drawing out of blood;" verbal noun formed after earlier present participle adjective (early 13c.) of bleed. Figurative use is from 1796. As a euphemism for bloody, from 1858. In U.S. history, Bleeding Kansas, in reference to the slavery disputes in that territory 1854-60, is attested from 1856, said to have been first used by the New York "Tribune."
blithering (adj.): 1880, present participle adjective (from the first typically with idiot) from blither (v.) "to talk nonsense." From 1872 as a verbal noun.
blocking (n.): 1630s, verbal noun from present participle of block (v.). By 1891 in U.S. football; by 1961 in theater.
blotting (n.): mid-15c., verbal noun from blot (v.). Blotting paper is recorded from 1510s.
blubbering: c. 1400, present participle adjective from blubber (v.). Originally of fountains, springs, etc.; of weeping, from 1580s. As a verbal noun, from 1570s.
blueing (n.): "substance which makes (something) blue," 1660s, verbal noun from blue (v.).
bluffing (n.): 1845, in the poker sense, verbal noun from bluff (v.).
blundering: mid-14c. as a present participle adjective; mid-15c. as a verbal noun, from blunder (v.). Related: Blunderingly.
bowling (n.): 1530s, originally "playing at bowls," verbal noun from bowl (v.). Bowling alley is from 1550s.
boxing (n.): "fighting with the fists as a sport," 1711, verbal noun from box (v.2).
breeding (n.): late 14c., "hatching, incubation;" also "formation, development, growth," verbal noun from breed (v.). Meaning "good manners" is from 1590s.
briefing (n.): "fact or situation of giving preliminary instructions," 1910 (but popularized by World War II pre-flight conferences), verbal noun from brief (v.).
broadcasting (n.): 1922, verbal noun from broadcast (v.).
brooding (n.): "action of incubating," c. 1400, verbal noun from brood (v.). Figuratively (of weather, etc.) from 1805; of mental fixations by 1873. Related: Broodingly.
building (n.): "a structure," c. 1300, verbal noun from build (v.).
bullying (n.): 1802, verbal noun from bully (v.).
bundling (n.): 1640s, "a gathering into a bundle," verbal noun from bundle (v.). Meaning "sharing a bed for the night, fully dressed, wrapped up with someone of the opposite sex" (1782) is a former local custom in New England (especially Connecticut and southeastern Massachusetts). It was noted there from about 1750s and often regarded by outsiders as grossly immoral, but New Englanders wrote defenses of it and claimed it was practiced elsewhere, too. It seems to have died out with the 18th century.
I am no advocate for temptation; yet must say, that bundling has prevailed 160 years in New England, and, I verily believe, with ten times more chastity than the sitting on a sofa. I had daughters, and speak from near forty years' experience. Bundling takes place only in cold seasons of the year--the sofa in summer is more dangerous than the bed in winter. [The Rev. Samuel Peters, "A general history of Connecticut," 1782]
bungling (n.): 1660s, verbal noun from bungle (v.).
bussing (n.): "kissing," 1888, verbal noun from buss (v.).
calling (n.): "vocation," mid-13c., verbal noun from call (v.). The sense traces to I Cor. vii:20.
canoeing (n.): 1870, verbal noun from canoe (v.). Related: Canoeist.
carding (n.): "wool-dressing," late 15c., verbal noun from card (v.1).
caring (n.): 1550s, verbal noun from care (v.).
caroling (n.): c. 1300, verbal noun from carol (v.).
carpeting (n.): 1758, verbal noun from carpet (v.).