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avarice [avarice 词源字典]: avarice: [13] The Latin verb avēre meant ‘covet’. One of its derivatives was the adjective avārus ‘greedy’, from which the noun avāritia was formed. This entered English via Old French avarice. Another of its derivatives was the adjective avidus ‘greedy’ which, as well as being the source of English avid [18], produced, via a hypothetical contracted form *audus, the adjective audax ‘bold’, source of English audacity [15].
=> audacity, avid[avarice etymology, avarice origin, 英语词源]
prevaricate: prevaricate: [16] Etymologically, prevaricate means ‘walk crookedly’, and it goes back ultimately to a Latin adjective meaning ‘knockkneed’, varus. From this was derived the verb vāricāre ‘straddle’, which was combined with the prefix prae- ‘before, beyond’ to produce praevāricārī ‘walk crookedly’, hence ‘deviate’. This developed in English to ‘deviate from straightforward behaviour’, hence ‘be evasive, equivocate’.
avarice (n.): c. 1300, from Old French avarice "greed, covetousness" (12c.), from Latin avaritia "greed," from avarus "greedy," adjectival form of avere "crave, long for."
avaricious (adj.): late 15c., from Old French avaricios "greedy, covetous" (Modern French avaricieux), from avarice (see avarice). An Old English word for it was feoh-georn. Related: Avariciously; avariciousness.
Bavaria: named for the Boii, ancient Celtic people who once lived there (also see Bohemia).
bivariate (adj.): also bi-variate, "involving two variables," 1906, from bi- + -variate, from Latin variatio (see variation).
charivari (n.): "rough music," especially as a community way of expressing disapproval of a marriage match, 1735, from French charivari, from Old French chalivali "discordant noise made by pots and pans" (14c.), from Late Latin caribaria "a severe headache," from Greek karebaria "headache," from kare "head" + barys "heavy," from PIE root *gwere- (2) "heavy" (see grave (adj.)).
covariance: 1878, from covariant (1853), from co- + variant.
invariability (n.): 1640s, from invariable + -ity.
invariable (adj.): early 15c., from Old French invariable (14c.) and directly from Medieval Latin invariabilis, from in- "not, opposite of" (see in- (1)) + variabilis (see variable). Related: Invariably.
invariant (adj.): 1851, from in- (1) "not" + variant.
levari facias: Latin, literally "cause to be levied."
multivariate (adj.): 1928, from multi- + -variate, from Latin variatio (see variation).
ovarian (adj.): "pertaining to an ovary or the ovaries," 1810, see ovary + -ian.
prevaricate (v.): 1580s, "to transgress," a back formation from prevarication, or else from Latin praevaricatus, past participle of praevaricari "to make a sham accusation, deviate," literally "walk crookedly;" in Church Latin, "to transgress" (see prevarication). Meaning "to speak evasively" is from 1630s. Related: Prevaricated; prevaricating.
prevarication (n.): late 14c., "divergence from a right course, transgression," from Old French prevaricacion "breaking of God's laws, disobedience (to the Faith)" (12c., Modern French prévarication) and directly from Latin praevaricationem (nominative praevaricatio) "duplicity, collusion, a stepping out of line (of duty or behavior)," noun of action from past participle stem of praevaricari "to make a sham accusation, deviate," literally "walk crookedly," in Church Latin, "to transgress," from prae "before" (see pre-) + varicare "to straddle," from varicus "straddling," from varus "bowlegged, knock-kneed" (see varus). Meaning "evasion, quibbling" is attested from 1650s.
prevaricator (n.): c. 1400, from Old French prevaricator and directly from Latin praevaricator "sham accuser; unfaithful advocate," agent noun from past participle stem of praevaricari (see prevaricate).
Stradivarius (n.): valued type of violin, 1818, from Latinized form of name of Antonio Stradivari (1644-1737), violin-maker of Cremona, or his sons or pupils. Short form Strad is attested from 1884.
variability (n.): 1771, from variable (Latin variabilis) + -ity.
variable (adj.): late 14c., of persons, "apt to change, fickle," from Old French variable "various, changeable, fickle," from Late Latin variabilis "changeable," from variare "to change" (see vary). Of weather, seasons, etc., attested from late 15c.; of stars, from 1788.
variable (n.): "quantity that can vary in value," 1816, from variable (adj.) in mathematical sense of "quantitatively indeterminate" (1710). Related: Variably; variability.
variance (n.): late 14c., "fact of undergoing change," from Old French variance "change, alteration; doubt, hesitation" and directly from Latin variantia, from stem of variare "to change" (see vary). Meaning "state of disagreement" is recorded from early 15c. The U.S. zoning sense of "official dispensation from a building regulation" is recorded from 1925.
variant (n.): :something substantially the same, but in different form," 1848, from variant (adj.).
variant (adj.): late 14c., "tending to change," from Old French variant and directly from Latin variantem (nominative varians), present participle of variare "to change" (see vary).
variate (n.): in statistics, 1899, from adjective variate (mid-15c.), from Latin variatus, past participle of variare (see vary).
variation (n.): late 14c., "difference, divergence," from Old French variacion "variety, diversity" and directly from Latin variationem (nominative variatio) "a difference, variation, change," from past participle stem of variare "to change" (see vary). The musical sense is attested from 1801. Related: Variational.
varicella (n.): "chicken-pox," medical Latin, 1764, irregular diminutive of variola (see variola). Related: Varicellous.
varices (n.): plural of varix "dilated vein" (c. 1400), from PIE root *wer- (1) "high raised spot or other bodily infirmity" (see vary (v.)).
varicocele (n.): "tumor in the scrotum," 1736, medical Latin, from Latin varic-, comb. form of varix "dilated vein" (see varices) + Latinized form of Greek kele "tumor."
varicolored (adj.): "diversified in color, motley," also vari-colored, 1660s, from Latin varius (see vary) + English colored (adj.).
varicose (adj.): early 15c., from Latin varicosus "with dilated veins," from varix (genitive varicis) "dilated vein," probably related to varus "bent outward, bow-legged" (see varus).
varied (adj.): "changed," early 15c., past participle adjective from vary (v.). From 1580s as "differing from one another;" as "characterized by variety," from 1732.
variegate (v.): 1650s "give variety to," from Late Latin variegatus "made of various sorts or colors," past participle of variegare "diversify with different colors," from varius "spotted, changing, varying" (see vary) + root of agere "to drive" (see act). Meaning "mark with different colors" is from 1660s (implied in Variegated). Related: vareiegating.
varietal (adj.): "having the characteristics of a variety," 1849, a biologists' word, from variety + -al (1). In reference to wines, "made from a single variety of grape," first attested 1941, American English. As a noun, in this sense, attested from 1955. Related: Varietally.
variety (n.): 1530s, "change of fortunes," from Middle French variété and directly from Latin varietatem (nominative varietas) "difference, diversity; a kind, variety, species, sort," from varius "various" (see vary). Meaning diversity, absence of monotony" is from 1540s; that of "collection of different things" is from 1550s; sense of "something different from others" is from 1610s. In reference to music hall or theatrical performances of a mixed nature, first recorded 1868, American English.
variform (adj.): 1660s, from Latin varius (see vary) + forma (see form (n.)).
varify (v.): "to make varied," c. 1600, from Latin vari-, stem of varius "different, diverse" (see vary) + -fy. Related: Varified; varifying.
variola (n.): "smallpox," 1771, medical Latin diminutive of Latin varius "changing, various," in this case "speckled, spotted" (see vary).
variorum (adj.): "an edition (especially of the complete works of a classical author) with notes of various commentators or editors," 1728, genitive masculine plural of Latin varius "different, diverse" (see vary), in phrase editio cum notis variorum. Its use with reference to an edition of an author's works containing variant readings (1955) is "deplored by some scholars" [OED].
various (adj.): early 15c., "characterized by variety," from Middle French varieux and directly from Latin varius "changing, different, diverse" (see vary). Meaning "different from one another, having a diversity of features" is recorded from 1630s. Related: Variously.
vivarium (n.): c. 1600, "game park," from Latin vivarium "enclosure for live game, park, warren, preserve, fish pond," noun use of neuter singular of vivarius "pertaining to living creatures," from vivus "alive, living" (see vivid). Meaning "glass bowl for studying living creatures" is from 1853.
varicoloured: "Consisting of several different colours", Mid 17th century: from vari- + coloured.
vari-: "Various", From Latin varius.
divaricate: "Stretch or spread apart; diverge widely", Early 17th century: from Latin divaricat- 'stretched apart', from the verb divaricare, from di- (expressing intensive force) + varicare 'stretch the legs apart' (from varicus 'straddling').
varix: "A varicose vein", Late Middle English: from Latin.
variegated: "Exhibiting different colours, especially as irregular patches or streaks", Mid 17th century: from Latin variegat- 'made varied' (from the verb variegare, from varius 'diverse') + -ed².
ovarium: " Anatomy and Zoology = ovary", Mid 17th cent.; earliest use found in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. From post-classical Latin ovarium from classical Latin ōvum + -ārium. Compare post-classical Latin ovaria (feminine) the ovary of a bird, and classical Latin ōvārius (masculine) egg-keeper.