英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

subduct (v.)[subduct 词源字典]: 1570s, "subtract," from Latin subductus, past participle of subducere "to draw away, take away" (see subduce). Geological sense is from 1971, a back-formation from subduction. Related: Subducted; subducting.[subduct etymology, subduct origin, 英语词源]
subduction (n.): early 15c., "withdrawal, removal" (originally of noxious substances from the body), from Latin subductionem (nominative subductio) "a withdrawal, drawing up, hauling ashore," noun of action from past participle stem of subducere "to draw away, take away" (see subduce). Geological sense is attested from 1970, from French (1951).
subdue (v.): late 14c., "to conquer and reduce to subjection," from Old French souduire, but this meant "deceive, seduce," from Latin subducere "draw away, lead away, carry off; withdraw" (see subduce). The primary sense in English seems to have been taken in Anglo-French from Latin subdere and attached to this word. Related: Subdued; subduing. As an associated noun, subdual is attested from 1670s (subduction having acquired other senses).
subdued (adj.): c. 1600, "subjugated," past participle adjective from subdue. Meaning "calmed down, reduced in intensity" is recorded from 1822.
subfusc (adj.): "moderately dark, brownish," 1710, from Latin subfuscus, variant of suffuscus, from sub- (see sub-) + fuscus "dark, dusky" (see obfuscate). Related: Subfuscous "dusky."
subgroup (n.): also sub-group, 1825, from sub- + group (n.).
subhead (n.): "smaller heading or title in a book, chapter, newspaper, etc.," 1875, from sub- + head (n.) in the sense of "heading, headline." Meaning "subordinate section of a subject" is from 1670s.
subhuman (adj.): 1790, from sub- + human. The noun is first recorded 1957.
subjacent (adj.): 1590s, from Latin subiacentem (nominative subiacens) "lying beneath," present participle of subiacere "to lie underneath, lie near, adjoin," from sub- "under," also "close to" (see sub-) + iacere "to throw" (see jet (v.)).
subject (n.): early 14c., "person under control or dominion of another," specifically a government or ruler, from Old French sogit, suget, subget "a subject person or thing" (12c., Modern French sujet), from noun use of Latin subiectus "lying under, below, near bordering on," figuratively "subjected, subdued," past participle of subicere, subiicere "to place under, throw under, bind under; to make subject, subordinate," from sub "under" (see sub-) + combining form of iacere "to throw" (see jet (v.)). In 14c., sugges, sogetis, subgit, sugette; form re-Latinized in English 16c.

Meaning "person or thing regarded as recipient of action, one that may be acted upon" is recorded from 1590s. Grammatical sense is recorded from 1630s, from Latin subjectum "grammatical subject," noun use of the neuter of the Latin past participle. Likewise some restricted uses in logic and philosophy are borrowed directly from Latin subjectum as "foundation or subject of a proposition," a loan-translation of Aristotle's to hypokeimenon. Meaning "subject matter of an art or science" is attested from 1540s, probably short for subject matter (late 14c.), which is from Medieval Latin subjecta materia, a loan translation of Greek hypokeimene hyle (Aristotle), literally "that which lies beneath."
subject (v.): late 14c., "to make (a person or nation) subject to another by force," also "to render submissive or dependent," from Medieval Latin subiectare "place beneath," frequentative of Latin subicere "to make subject, subordinate" (see subject (n.)). Meaning "to lay open or expose to (some force or occurrence)" is recorded from early 15c. (implied in subjected). Related: Subjecting.
subject (adj.): early 14c., from Old French suget, subject (Modern French sujet), from Latin subiectus (see subject (n.)).
subjectification (n.): 1880, noun of action from subjectify.
subjectify (v.): 1858, from subject (n.) + -ify. Related: Subjectified; subjectifying.
subjection (n.): late 14c., "obedience, submission; servitude, bondage; lordship, control," from Anglo-French subjectioun, Old French subjection "submission; subjugation; inferior condition; captivity" (12c., Modern French sujétion), from Latin subjectionem (nominative subjectio) "a putting under," noun of action from past participle stem of subicere (see subject (n.)).
subjective (adj.): c. 1500, "characteristic of one who is submissive or obedient," from Late Latin subiectivus "of the subject, subjective," from subiectus "lying under, below, near bordering on," figuratively "subjected, subdued"(see subject (n.)). In early Modern English as "existing, real;" more restricted meaning "existing in the mind" (the mind as "the thinking subject") is from 1707, popularized by Kant and his contemporaries; thus, in art and literature, "personal, idiosyncratic" (1767). Related: Subjectively; subjectiveness.
subjectivism (n.): 1845; see subjective + -ism. Recorded earlier in German (and Swedish). Related: Subjectivist.
subjectivity (n.): 1803, from subjective + -ity. Popularized in Kantian terminology; compare French subjectivité, German subjektivität.
subjoin (v.): "add to the end of," 1570s, from Middle French subjoin-, past participle stem of subjoindre, from Latin subjungere "to affix, append" (see subjunctive). Related: Subjoined; subjoining.
subjugable (adj.): 1850, from stem of Latin subiugare (see subjugation) + -able.