英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

ratal [ratal 词源字典]: "Relating to rates or rateable value", Mid 19th cent.; earliest use found in The Times. From rate + -al. In use as noun perhaps after rental.[ratal etymology, ratal origin, 英语词源]
RNA synthetase: "= RNA replicase", 1960s; earliest use found in Science.
read-me file: "A file containing information about other stored files; specifically a text file with information concerning the installation, use, or other aspects of a particular item of software", 1980s; earliest use found in Usenet (newsgroups).
rupia: "A skin disease in which there is an eruption of vesicles or pustules which develop into ulcerated sores covered by thick, dark scabs or crusts; especially a form of secondary syphilis characterized by such lesions", Early 19th cent.; earliest use found in Thomas Bateman (1778–1821), physician and dermatologist. From scientific Latin rupia from ancient Greek ῥύπος dirt, filth + classical Latin -ia.
raddled: "Showing signs of age or fatigue", sense 1 from raddle in the sense 'rouge', by association with its exaggerated use in make-up.
radicchio: "Chicory of a variety which has dark red leaves", Italian.
remittent: "(Of a fever) characterized by fluctuating body temperatures", Late 17th century: from Latin remittent- 'sending back', from the verb remittere (see remit).
ruddle: "another term for reddle", Late Middle English: related to obsolete rud 'red colour' and red; compare with raddle.
raddle: "another term for reddle", Early 16th century: related to red; compare with ruddle.
regnal: "Of a reign or monarch", Early 17th century: from Anglo-Latin regnalis, from Latin regnum 'kingdom'.
rhizo-: "Relating to a root or roots", From Greek rhiza 'root'.
rhizo-: "Relating to a root or roots", From Greek rhiza 'root'.
remiges: "Flight feathers", Mid 18th century: from Latin, literally 'rowers', based on remus 'oar'.
raja: "An Indian king or prince", From Hindi rājā, Sanskrit rājan 'king'.
revokable: "That may be revoked; = revocable", Late 16th cent.; earliest use found in Copie of Letter concerning the Erle of Leycester. From revoke + -able.
ramous: "Chiefly Biology . Branched, branching; = ramose", Late 15th cent.; earliest use found in Surgical Treatise. From Middle French rameux and its etymon classical Latin rāmōsus ramose; compare -ous.
ragga: "A style of dance music originating in Jamaica and derived from reggae, in which a DJ improvises lyrics over a sampled or electronic backing track", 1990s: from ragamuffin, because of the style of clothing worn by its followers. More rag from Middle English:A Scandinavian word for ‘tufted’ probably lies behind rag. In lose your rag (early 20th century) ‘to lose your temper’, rag is probably an old slang term for the tongue—the phrase was originally get your rag out. This sense of rag may well be behind the student rag or prank, found from the early 19th century, and the dated verb meaning ‘to tease, play a joke on’. From rags to riches describes someone's rise from a state of extreme poverty to great wealth, as in a fairytale like Cinderella. The concept is ancient, but the phrase was not recorded until the late 19th century, when a play called From Rags to Riches was mentioned in a US newspaper. A group of people regarded as disreputable or undesirable may be described as ragtag and bobtail. Bobtail (early 17th century) was an established term for a horse or dog with a docked tail, but rag and tag (LME of unknown origin) were separate words conveying the same meaning of ‘tattered or ragged clothes’. Putting them together gives you the literal sense of ‘people in ragged clothes together with their dogs and horses’. In one traditional folk song a lady leaves her house, land, and ‘new-wedded lord’ to run away with ‘the raggle-taggle gypsies’. Raggle-taggle (late 19th century) here is an elaboration of ragtag. Similarly ragamuffin is probably an elaboration of rag. The word is found once c.1400 as the name of a devil, but then not until 1586. The 1990s term ragga for a style of dance music is taken from ragamuffin, because of the style of clothing worn by its fans. Rug (mid 16th century), once a name for a type of coarse woollen cloth, is probably from the same root. The sense ‘small carpet’ dates from the early 19th century. So too is rugged (Middle English). ‘Shaggy’ was an early sense of rugged as was ‘rough-coated’ (in descriptions of horses).
rubidium: "The chemical element of atomic number 37, a rare soft silvery reactive metal of the alkali metal group", Mid 19th century: modern Latin, from Latin rubidus 'red' (with reference to its spectral lines).
rat-tat: "A rapping sound (used especially in reference to a sequence of knocks on a door or the sound of gunfire)", Late 17th century: imitative.
revers: "The turned-back edge of a garment revealing the undersurface, especially at the lapel", Mid 19th century: from French, literally 'reverse'.