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pheme (n.)[pheme 词源字典]: "words as grammatical units in a language," 1906, coined by U.S. philosopher Charles S. Pierce (1839-1914), from Greek pheme "speech, voice, utterance, a speaking," from PIE root *bha- (2) "to speak, tell, say" (see fame (n.)).[pheme etymology, pheme origin, 英语词源]
phene: as an element in names of chemicals derived from benzene, from French phène, proposed 1836 by French scientist Auguste Laurent as an alternative name for "benzene" because it had been found in coal tar, a byproduct of the manufacture of "illuminating gas," from Greek phainein "to bring to light" (see phantasm). Related: Phenyl (radical which forms the basis of derivatives of benzene); pheno- (comb. form).
phenetic (adj.): coined 1960, from Greek phainein "to appear" (see phantasm) + -etic. Related: Phenetically.
pheno-: before vowels phen-, word-forming element in science meaning "pertaining to or derived from benzene," from phene.
phenobarbital (n.): 1919, from pheno- + barbital (see barbiturate).
phenol (n.): "carbolic acid," 1844, from pheno- + -ol. Discovered in coal tar in 1834; used as an antiseptic from 1867. Related: Phenolic.
phenology (n.): "study of the influence of climate on recurring natural phenomena," 1881, from German (phänologisch, Karl Fritsch, 1853) from Latin phaeno-, from Greek phaino-, from phainein "to show" (see phantasm) + -logy. Related: Phenological (1875).
phenom (n.): shortened form of phenomenon, U.S. baseball slang, first recorded 1890.
phenomena (n.): plural of phenomenon. Sometimes also erroneously used as a singular.
phenomenal (adj.): 1803, "of the nature of a phenomenon," a hybrid from phenomenon + -al (1). Meaning "remarkable, exceptional" is from 1850.
[Phenomenal] is a metaphysical term with a use of its own. To divert it from this proper use to a job for which it is not needed, by making it do duty for remarkable, extraordinary, or prodigious, is a sin against the English language. [Fowler]
Related: Phenomenally.
phenomenalism (n.): 1865 (John Grote), from phenomenal + -ism. Related: Phenomenalist.
phenomenology (n.): 1797, from German Phänomenologie, used as the title of the fourth part of the "Neues Organon" of German physicist Johann Heinrich Lambert (1728-1777), coined from Greek phainomenon (see phenomenon) + -logia (see -logy). Psychological sense, especially in Gestalt theory, is from 1930. Related: Phenomenological.
phenomenon (n.): 1570s, "fact, occurrence," from Late Latin phænomenon, from Greek phainomenon "that which appears or is seen," noun use of neuter present participle of phainesthai "to appear," passive of phainein (see phantasm). Meaning "extraordinary occurrence" first recorded 1771. Plural is phenomena.
phenotype (n.): "observable characteristics of an individual," 1911, from German phaenotypus (Wilhelm Johannsen, 1909); see pheno- + type (n.). Related: Phenotypic.
phenyl (n.): radical base of phenol, 1850, from French phényle; see pheno-.
pheromone (n.): "chemical released by an animal that causes a specific response when detected by another animal of the same species," but the exact definition is much debated; 1959, coined (by Karlson & Lüscher) from Greek pherein "to carry" (see infer) + ending as in hormone.
phew: vocalic gesture expressing weariness, etc., attested from c. 1600.
phi: twenty-first letter of the Greek alphabet; see ph.
Phi Beta Kappa: undergraduate honorary society, 1776, from initials of Greek philosophia biou kybernetes "philosophy, guide of life."
phial (n.): late 14c., from Old French fiole "flask, phial" (12c.), probably from Medieval Latin phiola, from Latin phiala, from Greek phiale "broad, flat drinking vessel," of unknown origin.