英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

musty (adj.)[musty 词源字典]: 1520s, perhaps a variant of moisty "moist, damp" (see moist). Related: Mustiness. [musty etymology, musty origin, 英语词源]
mutability (n.): late 14c., "tendency to change, inconstancy," from Middle French mutabilité, from Latin mutabilitas, from mutabilis (see mutable).
mutable (adj.): late 14c., "liable to change," from Latin mutabilis "changeable," from mutare "to change," from PIE root *mei- (1) "to change, go, move" (cognates: Sanskrit methati "changes, alternates, joins, meets;" Avestan mitho "perverted, false;" Hittite mutai- "be changed into;" Latin meare "to go, pass," migrare "to move from one place to another;" Old Church Slavonic mite "alternately;" Czech mijim "to go by, pass by," Polish mijać "avoid;" Gothic maidjan "to change"); with derivatives referring to the exchange of goods and services as regulated by custom or law (compare Latin mutuus "done in exchange," munus "service performed for the community, duty, work").
mutagen (n.): 1946, from mutation + -gen "thing that produces." Related: Mutagenic; mutagenesis; mutagenize.
mutant (n.): 1901, in the biological sense, from Latin mutantem (nominative mutans) "changing," present participle of mutare "to change" (see mutable). In the science fiction sense, it is attested from 1954. As an adjective from 1903.
mutate (v.): "to change state or condition," 1818, back-formation from mutation. In genetic sense, 1913, from Latin mutatus, past participle of mutare "to change" (see mutable). Related: Mutated; mutating.
mutation (n.): late 14c., "action of changing," from Old French mutacion (13c.), and directly from Latin mutationem (nominative mutatio) "a changing, alteration, a turn for the worse," noun of action from past participle stem of mutare "to change" (see mutable). Genetic sense is from 1894.
mutatis mutandis: "with the necessary changes," Latin, literally "things being changed that have to be changed," from the ablative plurals of, respectively, the past participle and gerundive of mutare "to change" (see mutable).
mute (adj.): late 14c., mewet "silent," from Old French muet "dumb, mute" (12c.), diminutive of mut, mo, from Latin mutus "silent, speechless, dumb," probably from imitative base *meue- (cognates: Sanskrit mukah "dumb," Greek myein "to be shut," of the mouth). Form assimilated in 16c. to Latin mutus.
mute (v.): "deaden the sound of," 1861, from mute (n.). Related: Muted; muting.
mute (n.): 1570s, "stage actor in a dumb show;" 1610s as "person who does not speak," from mute (adj.). Musical sense first recorded 1811 of stringed instruments, 1841, of horns.
muted (adj.): 1861, in reference to musical instruments, past participle adjective from mute (v.). Figuratively by 1879. Of colors by 1939. Related: mutedness.
mutely (adv.): 1620s, from mute (adj.) + -ly (2).
muteness (n.): 1580s, from mute (adj.) + -ness.
mutilate (v.): 1530s, of things; 1560s, of persons; from Latin mutilatus, past participle of mutilare "to cut off, lop off, cut short; maim, mutilate," from mutilus "maimed" (see mutilation). Technically, to deprive of some principal part, especially by cutting off. Related: Mutilated; mutilating.
mutilation (n.): 1520s, in Scots law, "act of disabling or wounding a limb," from Middle French mutilation and directly from Late Latin mutilationem (nominative mutilatio), noun of action from past participle stem of Latin mutilare "to cut or lop off," from mutilus "maimed," which perhaps is cognate with Greek mytilos "hornless." Of things, "a destroying of unity by damaging or removing a part," from 1630s.
mutineer (n.): "one guilty of mutiny," c. 1600, from French mutinier (16c.), from Middle French meutin "rebellious" (see mutiny (n.)). As a verb from 1680s.
mutinous (adj.): 1570s, from mutine (see mutiny) + -ous. Related: Mutinously; mutinousness.
mutiny (n.): 1560s, with noun suffix -y (4) + obsolete verb mutine "revolt" (1540s), from Middle French mutiner "to revolt," from meutin "rebellious," from meute "a revolt, movement," from Vulgar Latin *movita "a military uprising," from fem. past participle of Latin movere "to move" (see move (v.)).
mutiny (v.): 1580s, from mutiny (n.). Alternative mutine is recorded from 1550s. Related: Mutinied; mutinying.