英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

counsel (n.)[counsel 词源字典]: early 13c., from Old French counseil (10c.) "advice, counsel; deliberation, thought," from Latin consilium "plan, opinion" (see consultation). As a synonym for "lawyer," first attested late 14c.[counsel etymology, counsel origin, 英语词源]
counsel (v.): late 13c., from Old French conseiller "to advise, counsel," from Latin consiliari, from consilium "plan, opinion" (see counsel (n.)). Related: Counseled. Counseling "giving professional advice on social or psychological problems" dates from 1940.
counsellor (n.): early 13c., from Old French conseillier (Modern French conseiller), from Latin consilator, agent noun from consiliare, from consilium (see counsel (v.)). Meaning "one who gives professional legal advice" is from 1530s. Psychological sense (marriage counsellor, etc., is from 1940).
counselor (n.): see counsellor.
count (v.): mid-14c., from Old French conter "add up," but also "tell a story," from Latin computare (see compute). Related: Counted; counting. Modern French differentiates compter "to count" and conter "to tell," but they are cognates.
count (n.): title of nobility, c. 1300, from Anglo-French counte (Old French conte), from Latin comitem (nominative comes) "companion, attendant," the Roman term for a provincial governor, from com- "with" (see com-) + stem of ire "to go" (see ion). The term was used in Anglo-French to render Old English eorl, but the word was never truly naturalized and mainly was used with reference to foreign titles.
countdown (n.): 1953, American English, in early use especially of launches of rockets or missiles, from count (v.) + down.
countenance (v.): late 15c., "to behave or act," from countenance (n.). Sense of "to favor, patronize" is from 1560s, from notion of "to look upon with sanction or smiles." Related: Countenanced; countenancing.
countenance (n.): mid-13c., from Old French contenance "demeanor, bearing, conduct," from Latin continentia "restraint, abstemiousness, moderation," literally "way one contains oneself," from continentem, present participle of continere (see contain). Meaning evolving Middle English from "appearance" to "facial expression betraying a state of mind," to "face" itself (late 14c.).
counter (n.): mid-14c., "table where a money lender does business," from Old French contouer, comptoir (14c.) "counting room, table of a bank," from Medieval Latin computatorium "place of accounts," from Latin computatus, past participle of computare (see compute). Generalized 19c. from banks to shops, then extended to display cases for goods. Phrase under the counter is from 1926.
counter (v.): "go against," late 14c., from Old French countre "facing opposite" (see counter-). Related: Countered; countering. As an adverb, from mid-15c.; as an adjective, from 1590s.
Counter Reformation: 1840, from counter- + Reformation.
counter-: word-forming element meaning "against; in return; corresponding," from Anglo-French countre-, French contre-, from Latin contra "opposite, contrary to, against, in return," also used as a prefix (see contra-).
counteract (v.): 1670s, from counter- + act (v.). Related: Counteracted; counteracting.
counterargument (n.): 1862, from counter- + argument.
counterattack (n.): also counter-attack, 1882, from counter- + attack (n.); as two words from early 19c. The verb is recorded from 1916.
counterbalance (v.): 1570s, from counter- + balance (v.), in reference to scales. Figurative use dates from 1630s. As a noun, from c. 1600.
counterclockwise (adj., adv.): 1870, also counter-clockwise; from counter- + clockwise.
counterculture (n.): also counter-culture, counter culture, 1968, from counter- + culture (q.v.). Popularized by, and perhaps coined in, the book "The Making of a Counter Culture" by Theodore Roszak. As an adjective by 1972.
counterfactual (adj.): 1946, from counter- + factual.