英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

cosigner (n.)[cosigner 词源字典]: also co-signer, 1946, agent noun from cosign; earlier in this sense was cosignatory (1865).[cosigner etymology, cosigner origin, 英语词源]
cosine (n.): 1630s, from co. sinus, abbreviation of Medieval Latin complementi sinus (see complement + sine).
cosmetic (n.): c. 1600, "art of beautifying," from Latinized form of Greek kosmetike (tekhne) "the art of dress and ornament," from fem. of kosmetikos (see cosmetic (adj.)). Meaning "a preparation for beautifying" attested from 1640s (now often cosmetics).
cosmetic (adj.): 1640s, from French cosmétique (16c.), from Greek kosmetikos "skilled in adornment or arrangement," from kosmein "to arrange, adorn," from kosmos "order" (see cosmos). Figurative sense of "superficial" is from 1955. Related: Cosmetically.
cosmetologist (n.): 1926, American English, from cosmetology + -ist. Won out over cosmetician.
cosmetology (n.): 1855, from French cosmétologie, from Latinized form of Greek kosmetos (see cosmetic) + -ology.
cosmic (adj.): 1640s, from cosmo- + -ic. Originally "of this world" (which was the sense of Greek kosmikos); meaning "of the universe" is from 1846. Cosmical is attested from 1580s.
cosmo-: before a vowel cosm-, word-forming element from Latinized form of Greek kosmos (see cosmos). In older use, "the world, the universe;" since 1950s, especially of outer space.
cosmogony (n.): 1690s as "a theory of the creation;" 1766 as "the creation of the universe," from Latinized form of Greek kosmogonia "creation of the world," from kosmos "world, universe" (see cosmos) + -gonia "a begetting," from gonos "birth" (see genus).
cosmography (n.): "description of the universe," mid-15c., from cosmo- + -graphy. Related: Cosmographic.
cosmological (adj.): 1825, from cosmology + -ical.
cosmology (n.): 1650s, from Modern Latin cosmologia, from Greek kosmos (see cosmos) + -logia "discourse" (see -logy). Related: Cosmological; cosmologist.
They cannot scare me with their empty spaces
Between stars--on stars where no human race is.
I have it in me so much nearer home
To scare myself with my own desert places.

[Robert Frost, from "Desert Places," 1936]
cosmonaut (n.): 1959, Englishing of Russian kosmonavt, ultimately from Greek kosmos (see cosmos) + nautes "sailor" (see naval).
cosmopolitan (adj.): 1844, from cosmopolite "citizen of the world" (q.v.) on model of metropolitan. The U.S. women's magazine of the same name was first published in 1886. Cosmopolitanism first recorded 1828.
cosmopolite (n.): late 16c., "man of the world; citizen of the world," from Greek kosmopolites "citizen of the world," from kosmos "world" (see cosmos) + polites "citizen" (see politic). In common use 17c. in a neutral sense; it faded out in 18c. but was revived from c. 1800 with a tinge of reproachfulness (opposed to patriot).
cosmos (n.): c. 1200 (but not popular until 1848, as a translation of Humboldt's Kosmos), from Latinized form of Greek kosmos "order, good order, orderly arrangement," a word with several main senses rooted in those notions: The verb kosmein meant generally "to dispose, prepare," but especially "to order and arrange (troops for battle), to set (an army) in array;" also "to establish (a government or regime);" "to deck, adorn, equip, dress" (especially of women). Thus kosmos had an important secondary sense of "ornaments of a woman's dress, decoration" (compare kosmokomes "dressing the hair") as well as "the universe, the world."

Pythagoras is said to have been the first to apply this word to "the universe," perhaps originally meaning "the starry firmament," but later it was extended to the whole physical world, including the earth. For specific reference to "the world of people," the classical phrase was he oikoumene (ge) "the inhabited (earth)." Septuagint uses both kosmos and oikoumene. Kosmos also was used in Christian religious writing with a sense of "worldly life, this world (as opposed to the afterlife)," but the more frequent word for this was aion, literally "lifetime, age."
Cossack (n.): 1590s, from Russian kozak, from Turkish kazak "adventurer, guerilla, nomad," from qaz "to wander." The same Turkic root is the source of the people-name Kazakh and the nation of Kazakhstan.
cosset (v.): 1650s, "to fondle, caress, indulge," from a noun (1570s) meaning "lamb brought up as a pet" (applied to persons from 1590s), perhaps from Old English cot-sæta "one who dwells in a cot." Related: Coseted; coseting. Compare German Hauslamm, Italian casiccio.
cost (n.): c. 1200, from Old French cost (12c., Modern French coût) "cost, outlay, expenditure; hardship, trouble," from Vulgar Latin *costare, from Latin constare, literally "to stand at" (or with), with a wide range of figurative senses including "to cost." The idiom is the same one used in Modern English when someone says something "stands at X dollars" to mean it sells for X dollars. The Latin word is from com- "with" (see com-) + stare "to stand," from PIE root *sta- "to stand" (see stet).
cost (v.): late 14c., from Old French coster (Modern French coûter) "to cost," from cost (see cost (n.)).