英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

commode (n.)[commode 词源字典]: 1786, "chest of drawers," earlier (1680s) name of a type of fashionable ladies' headdress, from French commode, noun use of adjective meaning "convenient, suitable," from Latin commodus "proper, fit, appropriate, convenient, satisfactory," from com-, intensive prefix (see com-), + modus "measure, manner" (see mode (n.1)). Meaning "chair housing a chamber pot" first attested 1851 from notion of "convenience."[commode etymology, commode origin, 英语词源]
commodification (n.): 1968, from commodity + -fication. Originally in Marxist political theory, "the assignment of a market value," often to some quality or material the user of the word feels would be better without it.
commodify (v.): 1971, back-formation from commodification. Related: Commodified; commodifying.
commodious (adj.): early 15c., "beneficial, convenient," from Medieval Latin commodiosus "convenient, useful," from Latin commodus (see commode). Meaning "roomy, spacious" first attested 1550s. Related: Commodiously; commodiousness.
commoditization (n.): 1965, from commodity + -ization; the businessman's word; the Marxist's is commodification.
commodity (n.): early 15c., "benefit, profit, welfare;" later "a convenient or useful product," from Middle French commodité "benefit, profit," from Latin commoditatem (nominative commoditas) "fitness, adaptation, convenience, advantage," from commodus "suitable, convenient" (see commode). General sense "property possession" is from c. 1500.
commodore (n.): 1690s, probably via Dutch kommandeur from French commandeur, from Old French comandeor (see commander). In U.S. Navy, above a captain, below a rear-admiral.
common (adj.): c. 1300, "belonging to all, general," from Old French comun "common, general, free, open, public" (9c., Modern French commun), from Latin communis "in common, public, shared by all or many; general, not specific; familiar, not pretentious," from PIE *ko-moin-i- "held in common," compound adjective formed from *ko- "together" + *moi-n-, suffixed form of root *mei- (1) "change, exchange" (see mutable), hence literally "shared by all."

Second element of the compound also is the source of Latin munia "duties, public duties, functions," those related to munia "office." Perhaps reinforced in Old French by the Germanic form of PIE *ko-moin-i- (compare Old English gemæne "common, public, general, universal;" see mean (adj.)), which came to French via Frankish.

Used disparagingly of women and criminals since c. 1300. Common pleas is 13c., from Anglo-French communs plets, hearing civil actions by one subject against another as opposed to pleas of the crown. Common prayer is contrasted with private prayer. Common stock is attested from 1888.
common (n.): late 15c., "land held in common," from common (adj.). Commons "the third estate of the English people as represented in Parliament," is from late 14c. Latin communis also served as a noun meaning "common property, state, commonwealth."
common good (n.): late 14c., translating Latin bonum publicum "the common weal."
common law (n.): mid-14c., "the customary and unwritten laws of England as embodied in commentaries and old cases" (see common (adj.)), as opposed to statute law. Phrase common law marriage is attested from 1909.
common sense (n.): 14c., originally the power of uniting mentally the impressions conveyed by the five physical senses, thus "ordinary understanding, without which one is foolish or insane" (Latin sensus communis, Greek koine aisthesis); meaning "good sense" is from 1726. Also, as an adjective, commonsense.
commonality (n.): late 14c., "a community," from common (adj.), as if from Latin *communalitas. A respelling of commonalty (late 13c.). Meaning "the common people" is attested from 1580s; that of "state or quality of being shared" is from 1954.
commoner (n.): early 14c. (in commoners), from common (adj.).
commonly (adv.): c. 1300, "in a way common to all," also "common to all;" also "usually," from common (adj.) + -ly (2).
commonplace (n.): 1540s, "a statement generally accepted," literal translation of Latin locus communis, from Greek koinos topos "general topic." See common (adj.) + place (n.). The adjectival sense of "having nothing original" dates from c. 1600.
commonsensical (adj.): 1860, from common sense, with ending as in nonsensical, etc.
commonwealth (n.): late 15c., "public welfare, general good," from common (adj.) + wealth (n.); meaning "the state" is attested from 1510s; applied specifically to the government of England in the period 1649-1660.
commotion (n.): late 14c., from Middle French commocion "violent motion, agitation" (12c., Modern French commotion), from Latin commotionem (nominative commotio) "violent motion, agitation," noun of action from past participle stem of commovere "to move, disturb," from com- "together," or "thoroughly" (see com-) + movere "to move" (see move (v.)).
communal (adj.): 1811 in reference to communes; 1843 in reference to communities, from French communal (Old French comunal, 12c.), from Late Latin communalis, from communa (see commune (n.)).