英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

commercial (adj.)[commercial 词源字典]: 1680s, "pertaining to trade," from commerce + -al (1). Meaning "paid for by advertisements" (in reference to radio, TV, etc.) is from 1932; meaning "done for the sake of financial profit" (of art, etc.) is from 1871. Related: Commercially.[commercial etymology, commercial origin, 英语词源]
commercial (n.): "an advertisement broadcast on radio or TV," 1935, from commercial (adj.).
commercialism (n.): "principles and practice of commerce," 1849, from commercial (adj.) + -ism.
commercialization (n.): 1889, from commercialize + -ation.
commercialize (v.): 1830, from commercial (adj.) + -ize. Related: Commercialized; commercializing.
commingle (v.): 1620s, from com- + mingle. See comingle. Related: Commingled; commingling.
comminute (v.): 1620s, from Latin comminutus, past participle of comminuere "to lessen, break into smaller parts," from com- "together" (see com-) + minuere "to make smaller" (see minus). Related: Comminuted; comminuting.
commiserate (v.): c. 1600, from Latin commiseratus, past participle of commiserari "to pity, bewail" (see commiseration). Related: Commiserated; commiserating. An Old English loan-translation of commiserate was efensargian.
commiseration (n.): 1580s, from Middle French commisération, from Latin commiserationem (nominative commiseratio) "act or fact of pitying," noun of action from past participle stem of commiserari "to pity," from com- intensive prefix (see com-) + miserari "bewail, lament," from miser "wretched" (see miser).
commissar (n.): 1918, from Russian komissar, from German Kommissar "commissioner," from French, ultimately from Medieval Latin commissarius (see commissary).
commissariat (n.): c. 1600, in Scottish law, "commissary court," from French commissariat, from Medieval Latin *commissariatus, from commissarius (see commissary). Military use is from 1779. In reference to the USSR, "ministry," from 1918.
commissary (n.): mid-14c., "one to whom special duty is entrusted by a higher power," from Medieval Latin commissarius, from Latin commissus "entrusted," past participle of committere (see commit). Originally ecclesiastical; the military sense of "official in charge of supply of food, stores, transport" dates to late 15c. Hence "storeroom" (1882) and "dining room in a larger facility" (1929, American English).
commission (n.): mid-14c., "authority entrusted to someone," from Latin commissionem (nominative commissio) "delegation of business," noun of action from past participle stem of committere (see commit). Meaning "body of persons charged with authority" is from late 15c.
commission (v.): 1660s, from commission (n.). Related: Commissioned; commissioning.
commissioner (n.): early 15c., "one appointed by a commission," from Anglo-French commissionaire, from Medieval Latin commissionarius, from commissionem (see commission (n.)). Meaning "member of a commission" is from 1530s.
commit (v.): late 14c., "to give in charge, entrust," from Latin committere "to unite, connect, combine; to bring together," from com- "together" (see com-) + mittere "to put, send" (see mission). Evolution into modern range of meanings is not entirely clear. Sense of "perpetrating" was ancient in Latin; in English from mid-15c. The intransitive use (in place of commit oneself) first recorded 1982, probably influenced by existentialism use (1948) of commitment to translate Sartre's engagement "emotional and moral engagement."
commitment (n.): 1610s, "action of officially consigning to the custody of the state," from commit + -ment. (Anglo-French had commettement.) Meaning "the committing of oneself, pledge, promise" is attested from 1793; hence, "an obligation, an engagement" (1864).
committal (n.): 1620s, from commit + -al (2). As an adjective, attested from 1884, apparently a back-formation from non-committal.
committed (adj.): 1590s, "entrusted, delegated," past participle adjective from commit (v.). Meaning "locked into a commitment" is from 1948.
committee (n.): 1620s, from commit + -ee, or else a revival of Anglo-French commite, past participle of commettre "to commit," from Latin committere "to unite, connect" (see commit). Originally "person to whom something is committed" (late 15c.); from 17c. in reference to a body of such people.