英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

coffin (n.)[coffin 词源字典]: early 14c., "chest or box for valuables," from Old French cofin "sarcophagus," earlier "basket, coffer" (12c., Modern French coffin), from Latin cophinus "basket, hamper" (source of Italian cafano, Spanish cuebano "basket"), from Greek kophinos "a basket," which is of uncertain origin.

Funeral sense in English is 1520s; before that it was the literal Latin one and had also a meaning of "pie crust" (late 14c.). Meaning "vehicle regarded as unsafe" is from 1830s. Coffin nail "cigarette" is slang from 1880; nail in (one's) coffin "thing that contributes to one's death" is from 1792.[coffin etymology, coffin origin, 英语词源]
cog (n.): c. 1300, "cog wheel;" late 14c., "tooth on a wheel," probably a borrowing from a Scandinavian language (compare Norwegian kugg "cog") and cognate with Middle High German kugel "ball."
cogency (n.): 1680s, from cogent + -cy.
cogenial (adj.): 1774, variant of congenial.
cogent (adj.): 1650s, from French cogent "necessary, urgent" (14c.), from Latin cogentem (nominative cogens), present participle of cogere "to curdle; to compel; to collect," literally "to drive together," from com- "together" (see co-) + agere "to drive" (see act (n.)).
cogitate (v.): late 16c., from Latin cogitatus, past participle of cogitare "to think" (see cogitation). Related: Cogitated; cogitating.
cogitation (n.): c. 1200, "thought, idea, notion," from Old French cogitacion "thought, consideration, reflection," from Latin cogitationem (nominative cogitatio), noun of action from past participle stem of cogitare "to think, reflect, consider, turn over in the mind," apparently from co-agitare, from com- "together" (see co-) + agitare, here in a sense of "to turn over in the mind," literally "to put in constant motion, drive, impel," frequentative of agere "to move, drive" (see agitation).
cogitative (adj.): late 15c., from Old French cogitatif (14c.), from Medieval Latin cogitativus, from Latin cogitare (see cogitation).
cognac (n.): 1590s, Coniacke, "wine produced in Cognac," the region in western France. The sense of "brandy" is 1755, shortened from 17c. cognac brandy, which was distilled from cognac wine. The place name is from Medieval Latin Comniacum, from the personal name Cominius and the Gallo-Roman suffix -acum.
cognate (adj.): 1640s, from Latin cognatus "of common descent," from com- "together" (see co-) + gnatus, past participle of gnasci, older form of nasci "to be born" (see genus). Words that are cognates are cousins, not siblings. As a noun, from 1754.
cognisance (n.): alternative spelling of cognizance (q.v.); also see -ize.
cognisant (adj.): alternative spelling of cognizant (q.v.); also see -ize.
cognition (n.): mid-15c., "ability to comprehend," from Latin cognitionem (nominative cognitio) "a getting to know, acquaintance, knowledge," noun of action from past participle stem of cognoscere (see cognizance).
cognitive (adv.): 1580s, from Latin cognit-, past participle stem of cognoscere (see cognizance) + -ive. Taken over by psychologists and sociologists after c. 1940. Related: Cognitively.
cognitive dissonance (n.): 1957, developed and apparently coined by U.S. social psychologist Leon Festinger (1919-1989).
cognizable (adj.): 1670s, "capable of being known," also "liable to be tried in a given court or jurisdiction," from stem of cognizance + -able.
cognizance (n.): mid-14c., from Anglo-French conysance "recognition," later, "knowledge," from Old French conoissance "acquaintance, recognition; knowledge, wisdom" (Modern French connaissance), from past participle of conoistre "to know," from Latin cognoscere "to get to know, recognize," from com- "together" (see co-) + gnoscere "to know" (see notice (n.)). The -g- was restored in English spelling 15c. and has gradually affected the pronunciation, which was always "con-." The old pronunciation lingered longest in legal use.
cognizant (adj.): 1820, back-formation from cognizance.
cognize (v.): 1650s, back-formation from cognizance. Related: Cognized; cognizing.
cognomen (n.): 1809, from Latin com- "with" (see co-) + (g)nomen "name" (see name (n.)). Third or family name of a Roman citizen (Caius Julius Cæsar).