英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

atonal (adj.)[atonal 词源字典]: 1922, from a- "not" (see a- (2)) + tonal.[atonal etymology, atonal origin, 英语词源]
atonality (n.): 1950; see atonal + -ity.
atone (v.): 1550s, from adverbial phrase atonen (c. 1300) "in accord," literally "at one," a contraction of at and one. It retains the older pronunciation of one. The phrase perhaps is modeled on Latin adunare "unite," from ad- "to, at" (see ad-) + unum "one." Related: Atoned; atoning.
atonement (n.): 1510s, "condition of being at one (with others)," from atone + -ment. Meaning "reconciliation" (especially of sinners with God) is from 1520s; that of "propitiation of an offended party" is from 1610s.
atop (adv.): 1650s, from a- (1) + top. Two words or hyphenated at first; not fully established as one word till late 19c.
atopic (adj.): 1923, from atopia (see atopy) + -ic.
atopy (n.): 1923, coined by Edward D. Perry, professor of Greek at Columbia University, at the request of medical men, from Greek atopia "unusualness, strangeness, a being out of the way," from atopos "out of place, strange, odd, eccentric," from a-, privative prefix (see a- (3)), + topos "place" (see topos).
ATP: abbreviation of adenosine triphosphate, attested from 1939.
atrabiliary (adj.): 1725, from Medieval Latin atrabilarius; see atrabilious.
atrabilious (adj.): 1650s, from Latin atra bilis, translating Greek melankholia "black bile" (see melancholy; also compare bile). Atra is fem. of ater "black, dark, gloomy," perhaps related to root of atrocity. Related: Atrabiliousness.
atremble (adv.): 1852, from a- (1) + tremble (v.).
atresia (n.): "occlusion of a natural passage in the body," 1807, from Modern Latin atresia, from Greek atretos "not perforated," from a-, privative prefix, + tresis "perforation," from PIE *tere- (1) "to rub, turn," with derivatives referring to boring and drilling (see throw (v.)).
Atreus: son of Pelops, father of Agamemnon and Menelaeus.
atria (n.): classical plural of atrium.
atrial (adj.): by 1860 in the medical sense, from atrium + -al (1).
atrium (n.): 1570s, from Latin atrium "central court or main room of an ancient Roman house, room which contains the hearth," sometimes said (on authority of Varro, "De Lingua Latina") to be an Etruscan word, but perhaps from PIE *ater- "fire," on notion of "place where smoke from the hearth escapes" (through a hole in the roof). Anatomical sense of "either of the upper cavities of the heart" first recorded 1870. Meaning "skylit central court in a public building" first attested 1967.
atrocious (adj.): 1660s, from stem of Latin atrox "fierce, savage, cruel" (see atrocity) + -ous. Colloquial sense "very bad" is late 19c. Related: Atrociously; atrociousness.
atrocity (n.): 1530s, from Middle French atrocité or directly from Latin atrocitatem (nominative atrocitas) "cruelty, fierceness, harshness," noun of quality from atrox "fierce, cruel, frightful," from PIE *atro-ek-, from root *ater- "fire" (see atrium) + *okw- "see" (see eye (n.)); thus "of fiery or threatening appearance." The meaning "an atrocious deed" is from 1793.
atrophic (adj.): 1819; see atrophy + -ic.
atrophy (n.): "a wasting away through lack of nourishment," 1620s (atrophied is from 1590s), from French atrophie, from Late Latin atrophia, from Greek atrophia "a wasting away," noun of state from atrophos "ill-fed, un-nourished," from a- "not" + trophe "nourishment," from trephein "to fatten" (see -trophy).