shear

英 [ʃɪə] 美 [ʃɪr]
  • vt. 剪；修剪；剥夺
  • vi. 剪；剪切；修剪
  • n. [力] 切变；修剪；大剪刀
  • n. (Shear)人名；(英)希尔
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星级词汇:
shear
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助记提示

1. PIE *sker- "cut" => shear, scar.
2. sheer, shear: 有耳朵的(ear)是剪. shears 大剪刀.
3. 有耳朵(ear)当然是动物，所以是剪动物身上的毛。
4. 谐音“撕耳朵”------剪耳朵。
5. short <===> shear. cut short.
6. 谐音“削儿”----削剪。

中文词源

shear 剪刀，剪，剪切，剪羊毛

来自古英语 sceran,剪下，切下，来自 Proto-Germanic*sker,剪，切，来自 PIE*sker,剪，切， 词源同 share,sharp.引申诸相关词义。

英文词源

shear
shear: [OE] Shear is the principal English descendant of the Indo-European base *sker- ‘cut’, which has also produced English score, share, shirt, short, and skirt, and probably sharp and shore as well. A variant of the base without the s is responsible for curt and curtail. The immediate source of shear itself is prehistoric Germanic *skeran, which also evolved into German and Dutch scheren, Swedish skära, and Danish skjære.

The verb sheer ‘swerve’ [17] probably originated as a variant of shear, but the adjective sheer [16] is an entirely different word. It probably represents a survival of Old English scīr ‘bright, shining’, which came ultimately from the Germanic base *ski-, source also of English shimmer and shine.
=> curt, curtail, score, share, sheer, shirt, short, skirt
shear (v.)
Old English sceran, scieran (class IV strong verb; past tense scear, past participle scoren) "to cleave, hew, cut with a sharp instrument; cut (hair); shear (sheep)," from Proto-Germanic *sker- "to cut" (cognates: Old Norse and Old Frisian skera, Dutch scheren, German scheren "to shear"), from PIE *(s)ker- (1) "to cut, to scrape, to hack" (cognates: Sanskrit krnati "hurts, wounds, kills," krntati "cuts;" Hittite karsh- "to cut off;" Greek keirein "to cut, shear;" Latin curtus "short;" Lithuanian skiriu "to separate;" Old Irish scaraim "I separate;" Welsh ysgar "to separate," ysgyr "fragment").
shear (n.)
"act of clipping," 1610s, also as a unit of measure of the age of a sheep, from shear (v.). Scientific and mechanical sense "type of strain" is from 1850.

双语例句

1. They discovered that they could shear sheep, take the wool, weave it and fashion the material into warm coats and suits,.
他们发现他们能够剪羊毛 、 纺绒线、织成毛料, 然后把毛料做成暖和的衣服.

来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

2. In the Hebrides they shear their sheep later than anywhere else.
在赫伯里兹，剪羊毛的时间比其他任何地方都要晚。

来自辞典例句

3. Normally the shear velocity is about half of the compressional velocity.
一般地说横波速度大约是纵波速度的一半.

来自辞典例句

4. The interfacial shear stress is a constant proportion of the bottom shear.
交界面的剪力与底部剪力之比是常数.

来自辞典例句

5. Without loss of generality, shear deformations will be neglected.
不失一般性, 忽略不计剪切变形.

来自辞典例句