pneumonia
英 [njuː'məʊnɪə]
美 [nʊ'monɪə]
CET6+ TEM4 考 研
单词 pneumonia 来自希腊语 pneumonia 『肺炎』，来自 pneumon 『肺』，来自 pleumon 『肺，字面含义：漂浮物』；由于肺是呼吸器官，pleumon 后来在拼写上受到了表示『呼吸』的希腊语单词 pnein 的影响，词头的 pl- 演变成了 pn-。那么，含义『肺』又是如何从字面含义『漂浮物』引申来的呢？大家都知道肺是呼吸器官，它主要由大量的气管、支气管和肺泡组成，所以在重量上非常的轻，这使它有别于心脏、肝脏等其它器官，能直接漂浮在水上，基于这一现象，就引申出了『肺』的含义。
pneumon 还有一个来自拉丁语的同源词：pulmo（所有格：pulmonis），它们都表示『肺』；它们的同源性从其词干拼写形式的相似性上多少能体现出来；它们最终都来源于 PIE（原始印欧语）词根：*pleu- "to flow, to float, to swim"。
“pneumon”谐音“牛毛”，因为“肺”是像牛毛一样轻的器官。
- pneumonia (n.)
- c. 1600, from Modern Latin, from Greek pneumonia "inflammation of the lungs," from pneumon "lung," altered (perhaps by influence of pnein "to breathe") from pleumon "lung," literally "floater," probably cognate with Latin pulmo (see pulmonary), from PIE *pleu- "to flow, to swim" (see pluvial). Alteration in Greek perhaps by influence of pnein "to breathe."
- 1. In November 1941 Payne was seriously ill with pneumonia.
- 1941年11月，佩恩得了严重的肺炎。
来自柯林斯例句
- 2. The new drug lessens the severity of pneumonia episodes.
- 新药减轻了肺炎发作时的痛苦。
来自柯林斯例句
- 3. She had feared she was going down with pneumonia or bronchitis.
- 她担心会得肺炎或支气管炎。
来自柯林斯例句
- 4. Most people do not have to be hospitalized for asthma or pneumonia.
- 大多数哮喘或肺炎患者无需住院。
来自柯林斯例句
- 5. The patient caught pneumonia and went out shortly before midnight.
- 那个病人感染了肺炎,在午夜前不久去世了.
来自《简明英汉词典》
