词根:flict = to stike 打击
来源于拉丁语 fligere 打击,异形同义词根有来源于拉丁语的bat,cuss,fend/fens(fenc,fest),plain,lid/lis,plaud/plaus(plod,plos,plex) 和来源于盎格鲁-撒克逊语的sla等。
同源词:
1. affliction [向某人一击af<ad(=to)+flict(=strike)]
n.痛苦;苦事;痛苦的事由
afflict v. 使痛苦
She has some affliction that causes her to walk with a limp. 她感到有些疼痛,走路一瘸一拐的。
2. inflict [瞄准打in(=on,against)+flict(=strike)]
vt. sth+on+sth 给予打击;使痛苦;加以处罚等
infliction n. 施加的事物(如痛苦、处罚等)
The tornado inflicted severe damages on the small town. 龙卷风给这个小城镇造成了严重的破坏。
3. conflict
n. 斗争,战斗;冲突 v. 冲突;矛盾 *con<com(=together)
a conflict of interest 利益冲突
wordy conflic利益冲突
the conflict between duty and desire 义务和欲望的冲突
*con<com( = together)
4. conflicting
adj. 抵触的;冲突的 *con<com(=together)
conflicting views 相互矛盾的观点
词根:vac(vas) = empty(空)
来自拉丁语的vac意为empty,它的变形为vas。同义词根有来自拉丁语的van,void以及来自盎格鲁-撒克逊语的wan。
同源词:
1. devastate(使完全变空 de(=intensive) + vas<vac(=empty))
vt.蹂躏;使荒芜
devastation n.破坏,荒芜;蹂躏
The tornado devastated a 4-block area of the small town. 那场龙卷风使小村庄的四个街区遭到了破坏。
2. vacate(使清空vac(=empty))
vt. 腾出屋子,搬出;退出,让出
vacancy n.空房,空地,空白;空虚
vacant adj.空的;空虚的
The school was vacated for 2 hours while the police searched for a bomb. 在警方搜寻炸弹期间,学校清场两个小时。
3. vacillate(使成空的状态vac(=empty))
vi.犹豫不决,摇摆,踌躇
vacillation n.踌躇,犹豫
During my teenage years my singing voice vacillated between baritone and tenor. 在我十几岁的时候,我的嗓音总是在男中音和男高音之间变换不定。
4. evacuate
v.(特指军人)从...撤退;使疏散,使避难;排空(胃或肠)*e<ex(=out)
evacuation n.撤离,撤退;疏散;排泄(物)
evacuee n.避难民,被疏散者
evacuate a fort 撤离要塞
The children were evacuated to the country. 孩子们被送到乡下避难。
5. vacancy
n.空;空间;空虚;空白;空房,空地;心不在焉(的状态);空职,空缺;空额
look into vacancy 失神地望着
good vacancies for typists and clerks 优厚的打字员和办事员的空缺
fill(up) a vacancy 填补空缺
three vacancies in the apartment 公寓里的三间空房
I'd like to make a reservation for tonight. Do you have any vacacies ? 我想今晚订一间房,请问还有空房吗?
6. vacant
adj.空白的,空的,空着的;(时间)空闲的;(心灵)空虚的;(眼神)茫然的
vacant space 未使用的空间
vacant room 空房间
vacant position 空职位
vacant possession 空屋(或空地)的合法占有
vacant expression/stare 茫然的表情/茫然的凝视
7. vacation
n.(大学的)假期;(法庭的)休庭期;休假日,休假;(特指避暑、避寒等的)休假旅行;(房屋等的)空出;辞职 v.度假
vacationist n.休假者
on vacation 休假中
His vacation of a good position in the Civil Service was unwise. 他辞去不错的公务员工作非明智之举。
8. vacuous
adj.发呆的;愚蠢的;茫然的;没有意义的;漫无目的的
vacuously adv.直愣愣地;愚蠢地
vacuity n.心不在焉;空虚;愚蠢;空洞无聊的话(或行为)
9. vacuum
n.真空
vacuum cleaner 真空吸尘器
vacuum flask/bottle 保温瓶,热水瓶
vacuum pump 真空泵,真空抽气机
vacuum tube/valve 真空管
10. vain
n.无效的;空虚的(没有内容的)
11. vanity
n.空虚;虚荣(心)
12. vanish
v.消失;消灭(变成空虚)
13. evanesce
v. 逐渐消失(出去而消失)《e- = ex- = out》
14. evanescence
n.逐渐消失
15. evanescent
adj.易消散的;暂时的
16. ineviable
adj. 不可避免的《in- = not;e- = ex- = out》
《in(not) + 拉丁文evitare(to avoid》
17. vainglorious
adj.自负的;虚荣心强的《vain(empty) + glor(glory) + -ious(形容词后缀)》
词根:funct = to perform
来自拉丁语的funct 意为to perform。
同源词:
1. perfunctory(假装做事的per(=falsely) + funct(=perform))
adj.敷衍的,马马虎虎的
perfunctorily adv.敷衍地,马马虎虎地
The acquisitions editor only gave a perfunctory glance at the volume of poetry.组稿编辑只是马马虎虎地看了一眼那本诗集。
2. defunct(停止、中断做事的de(=off,from) + funct(=perform))
adj.死的;(法律等)废止的
The movie theater in my small town has been defunct of for a decade.我们小城镇的剧场关门已有十年了。
3. function
n.功能,作用;职务,职能;宗教仪式,庆典活动;[数]函数
v.起作用;运转
functionalism n.功能主义
functionalist n.功能主义者
function of the heart 心脏的功能
the numerous functions that the Queen must attend 女王不得不参加的各种仪式
My new typewriter doesn't function very well.我的新打字机不太好用。
He functioned as boss.他起到了首领的作用。
4. functional
adj. 机能的;作用的;职务(上)的;(建筑等)从使用的观点设计(或构成)的
functional disorder 机能紊乱
functional representation [医]功能表达法
functional furniture 实用的家具
5. functionary
n.(尤其指政府机关、政党的)官员;公务员