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词根:tom = to cut 切

  来源于希腊语 tomos/tomein 意为to cut 切割;tom里的元音o弱化成e,变成了tem。词根tom的变体还有tomy-/-tome- / -tomic- 其中,-tomy 一般用来表示某种外科手术的名词;-tome 表示某种工具;-tomic 属于形容词的构词形式;而-tom 则表示某一事物或抽象名词,同义词根有来源于拉丁语的cis,cop/coup,scind/scis,sect,sever,tail,tons,trench等。词根tom典型的派生词代表就是atoms,古希腊语中 atomos 代表“不可分”的意思(由于当时的生力发展水平,科技不发达等原因,当时的人们认为原子是最小的粒子,但就现在来说原子还可以再分),后来人们把不可分割的粒子叫原子 (atom),a- 代表“否 / 不”,所以 -tom- 被理解为分/分割/切/切割。

1. dichotomy [切成两部分di(=two)+cho(=into)+tom(=cut)]
  n.两份:分裂;二分法
  Playwright Tennessee Williams could never reconcile the spirit-flesh dichotomy. 剧作家田纳西·威廉斯始终无法调和精神和肉体的分裂。

2. anatomy
  n.解剖学 * ana(=completely)
  anatomical adj.解剖的,解剖学的
  anatomist n. 解剖学者

3. atomize [a- 不,tom 切,割 ,-ize 动词后缀 → 不能再分割的最小物质 → 使不能再分割了 →]
  v. 使分裂为原子;使成雾状 (较早的时候人们认为原子是最小的物质)
  atomizer n.(香水等的)喷雾嚣

4. atomic
  adj. 原子的;原子能的;极小的 [见上,-ic 形容词后缀]
  atomics n.原子工艺学
  atomist n. 原子学家[见上,-ist 表示人的后缀]
  atomic age 原子能时代
  atomic bomb 原子弹
  atomic energy 原子能
  atomic warfare 核战争
  atomic weapon 核武器

5. appendectomy [ap(=add,near) 附 + pend(=hang)悬挂,ec<ex(=out)出,去 + tom 切 + -y 名词后缀 → 把附在肠子上的面东西(阑尾)切掉 →]
  n.[医]阑尾切除手术

6. entomology [entomo 昆虫,-logy ...学]
  n.昆虫学

7. entomotomy [entomo 昆虫,tomy 切 → 解剖 ]
  n. 昆虫解剖(学)

8. epitome
  n.(书等的)摘要,梗概;缩影;象征 epi(=on)
  epitome of a loving mother  慈母的象征
  man,the world's epitome人,世界的缩影

9. epitomize
  v. 写…的摘要;成为…的缩影  *epi(=on)
  She epitomizes a loving mother. 她是典型的慈母。

10. hysterotomy
  n.[医]子宫切开术  *hystero(=womb)

11. vasectomy [ vas(=vessel) 容器;血管 + ec(=ex出,去) + tomy 切割 →]
  n. [医] 输精管切除术 *

12. zootomy [zoo 动物,tomy 切 → 解剖 → 对动物进行解剖→]
  n.动物解剖学

13. tome [tom切 → 割,分开 → “一部巨著分割成的分册”→]
  n. (多卷本著作的)册, 卷, 本, 大本书

14. abstemious [abs<ab(=away,from) tem(=cut)砍断使分离]
   adj. not eating and drinking too much;frugal 饮食有度的;朴素的
   abstemiousness n.节制
   ex)Being abstemious,the old gentleman wasted little money onentertaining。那位老绅士特别节俭,几乎没有在娱乐方面浪费过钱。

词根词缀:amat-, amor-, am-

【来源及含义】Latin: love, loving; fondness for; such as a man for a woman and a woman for a man

【相关词根词缀】This "love" unit is the main source of the words in the ami- or "friend" unit. Related "love, fondness" units: agape-; philo-; vener-; venus.

【同源单词】amateur, amateurish, amateurishly, amateurishness, amative, amatively

词根词缀:philo-, phil-, -phile, -philia, -philic, -philous, -phily, -philiac, -philist, -philism

【来源及含义】Greek: love, loving, friendly to, fondness for, attraction to; strong tendency toward, affinity for

【相关描述】These are just a few of the meanings set up for the etymological meanings of philo- which comes to us from Greek.

In biology, there are many words that use philo-, phil- to mean "thriving in such and such a place or situation; or exhibiting a tendency for a specified condition" for its existence.

Other meanings include: "strongly attracted to; such as, an organism that loves or is strongly attracted to something which is specified".

In psychology and psychiatry, -phile, -philia, etc. use this element as a word termination indicating an abnormal craving or attraction to or an affinity for an object as shown by the word stems to which they are affixed.

【相关词根词缀】Related "love, fondness" units: agape-; amat-; vener-; venus.

【同源单词】abrakophile, abrakophilia, abrakophilism, acarophile, acarophilous, acarophily