词根：-val-

【词根含义】：强壮;价值

【词根来源】：来源于拉丁语动词valeo, valere, valui, valitus(强壮,价值)。

【同源单词】：avail, available, countervail, devaluate, devaluation

前缀：counter-

【词根含义】：相反,相对

【词根来源】：中古英语为countre-，来源于中古法语前缀contre-或副词contre。

【同源单词】：counteract, counteragent, counterfeit, counterpart, countervail

词根词缀：contra-, contro-, counter, contre-

【来源及含义】Latin: against, opposed to, opposite, conflicting, different, clashing, unaccommodating

【同源单词】accounter, acrocontracture, contentious, contraband, contrabandist, contrabass

词根词缀：valid-, val-, vale-, -vail, -valent, -valence

【来源及含义】Latin: valere, to be strong, to be well, to be worth; strong; power, strength; and "fare well" [go with strength]

【同源单词】Ab abusu ad usum non valet consequentia, Ab actu ad posse valet illatio, ad valorem, Aeternum vale, ambivalence, ambivalent