后缀：-wards [副词后缀]

表示“向...”、“朝...”

downwards 向下，朝下

upwards 向下，朝上

northwards 向北，朝上

southwards 向南，朝南

sunwards 向太阳

backwards 向后

outwards 向外

inwards 向内

词根词缀：retro-, retr-

【来源及含义】Latin: back, backward, backwards; behind

【同源单词】arrear, regurgitant menstruation, retroact, retroaction, retroactive, retroactively