词根:pall = pale 苍白无力的;暗淡的;浅色的
来自拉丁语的pall意为pale。
同源词:
1. appall [让某物变得苍白ap<ad(=to)+pall(=pale)]
vt.使惊骇
appalling adj.骇人听闻的
appallingly adv.令人毛骨悚然地
The way he beats his dog appalls me. 他打狗的样子令我毛骨悚然。
2. pallid
adj. 无血色的,苍白的
3. pallor
n.(脸的)苍白
词根:vict, vinc = to conquer(征服)
来源于拉丁文vincere, 意为 to conquer,to show。公元前47年 恺撒大帝Caesar 率军进入小亚细亚,只用了5天的时间,就平定了庞培部下的叛乱。胜利后的Caesar 将所有的喜悦和骄傲都浓缩在三个拉丁词里:veni,vedi,vici 意为
:I came,I saw ,I conqered,到,见,胜。这就是历史上著名的“三V文书”。
(*拉丁文vincere(=to conquer),过去分词victus。 —— 英文根字典)
同源词:
1. conviction (完全征服 con<com(intensive) + vict(=conquer))(convince[v.[of]使信服,使确信]+ing……的→adj.令人心服的;有说服力的)
n.定罪,宣告有罪;确信,信念
convict v.宣告有罪,使认罪;(n.)已决定 (con全部+vict征服,克服→彻底征服掉[的人]→证明…有罪;囚犯)
It's my conviction that the defendant indeed committed the murder. 我确信被告确实杀人了。
2. evince(向外展示或完全征服 e<ex(=out,intensive) + vinc(=show,coquer))(e出+vinc征服,克服+e→克服障碍,表达感情→使[人]确信)
vt.表明;显示出
evincible adj.可表明的
evincive adj.显示的
The young boy evinced no shame for the items he had stolen. 那个小男孩对偷盗物品没有表示出羞愧之意。
3. invincible(无法征服的 in(=not) + vinc(=conquer))(in不+vinc征服,克服+ible可..的→不可征服的)
adj.不能征服的;无敌的
invincibility n.无敌,不可战胜
invincibly adv.无敌地
The North Vietnamese provid to be invincible,despite America's military might. 尽管美国军事力量强大,越南人民仍然证明了自己是不可战胜的。
4. evict (e出+vict征服,克服→征服后把别人赶出去→驱逐)
v.逐出 *e<ex(=out)
eviction n.逐出,驱逐 (evict[v.[依法]驱逐]+ion表名词→n.逐出, 赶出)
He was evicted for not paying the rent. 他因为没有交房租而被赶走了。
5. victim
n.牺牲者,受害者;(祭祀用的)牺牲
easy victim 容易受害的人
victim of circumstance 环境的牺牲者(如受所处环境影响崦犯罪的人)
the victims of war 战争的牺牲者
the victims of the earthquake 震区灾民
6. victimize
v.使牺牲
victimization n.牺牲
Trade union leaders were victimized. 工会的领导们牺牲了。
7. victor (vict征服,克服+or人→n.得胜者,胜利者)
n.胜利者,征服者 adj.胜利(者)的
victor nation 战胜国
8. victoria
n.英国维多利亚女王(1819-1901);维多利亚(女子名);维多利亚城
Victoria Cross 维多利亚十字勋章(由维多利亚女王设立,授予有杰出功勋的军人,缩写:V.C.)
Victoria Falls 维多利亚瀑布
9. Victorian
adj.维多利亚女王(时代)的;固执的,守旧的
the (Royal) Victorian Order 维多利亚勋章(由维多利亚女王设立,授予为国五立下杰出功勋之人,缩写:V.O.)
the Victorian age 维多利亚时代
Victorian dress/ manners /authors 维多利亚女王时代的服装/风俗/作者
10. victory (victor[n.得胜者,胜利者]+y状态→n.胜利)
n. 胜利,战胜
gain/get/win a victory over the enemy 战胜敌人
victory over difficulty 战胜困难
11. victorious (victory[n.胜利]+ious……的→victorious获胜的)
adj.获胜的,战胜的
victorious army 胜利军
12. victural
n.(pl.)食物,粮食 v.提供食物,储备食物
victualer n.(专为船或部队)供应食物者
victual a ship 给船上提供粮食
The ship victualed at Pusan. 那艘船在釜山储备粮食
13. convince (con全部+vinc征服,克服+e→彻底征服了对方→使信服,使确信)
v.使确信,使信服 *con<com(=thoroughly)
I am conviced of his honesty. / ~ that he is honest. 我相信他很正直。
14. convincing
adj.令人信服的,有说服力的
convincingly adv.令人信服地,有说服力地
convincing speaker/argument 令人信服的演说家/论据
15. vincible
adj.可征服的,可战胜的
16. vanquish
v.征服,击败;克服 (*vanq<vanc<vinc(=conquer) + -ish 表动词后缀,"造成……,成……" →成功击败对方,造成对方失败→征服,击败;克服)(注意:拉丁文vincere = to conquer)
词根:tra, tract(treat) = to draw(拉拽)
来自拉丁语trahere(=to draw),过去分词tractus,意为to draw ,变形为treat。词根tract的意思与tend正好相反,在英语中,tract 直接作为名词,意思为“一片土地”,“地带”。
同源词:
1. detract(向下拉de(=down) + tract(=draw))
v.from + sth;sth + from + sth 降低,贬低(名声、价值等)
detraction n.诽谤,责难;减损
detractor n.责难者,诽谤者
detractive adj.诽谤的,责难的
Her excess of makeup detracts from her natural beauty. 好的浓妆有损她的自然美。
2. intractable(无法拉拽的 in(=not) + tract(=draw))
adj.不听话的,倔强的;难以控制的,难以驾驭的
intractability n.难以控制
He died at 39,a victim of an intractable cancer. 他因癌症不治而死去,终年39岁。
3. retractable(可以向后拉的re(=back) + tract(=draw))
adj.可以取消的,可以撤回的;伸缩自如的,可以蜷缩的,可以塞进里面的
retract v.撤回,取消;使一下子进去
retraction n.回收,撤回;蜷缩
retactile adj.可以收缩的
I bought a set of retractable awnings for all my home's windows. 我为我们家所有窗户买了一套伸缩遮阳篷。
4. entreat(在里边拉、拽 en(=in) + treat<tract (=draw))
vt. 恳请;乞求
entreaty n.恳求,哀求
entreating adj.恳求的,乞求的
entreatingly adv.哀求地
The policeman entreated the suspect to surrender without violence. 警察恳求请嫌疑人自首投降,不要暴力反抗。
5. maltreat(不好地拉 mal (=bad) + treat<tract(=draw))
vt. 虐待,粗暴地对待;滥用
maltreatment n.虐待;滥用
Occasionally,day care workers maltreat the children entrusted to their care. 托儿所的员工有时会粗暴地对待入托的孩子。
6. abstract
n.摘要,摘录;抽象概念 adj.抽象的 v.抽出,提取;偷 *abs<ab(=away)
abstracted adj.心不在焉的,发呆的
abstractedly adv.心不在焉地,走神地
abstract of a sermon 布道摘选
abstract metal from ore 从矿石中提炼金属
abstract a wallet from his pocket 从他的口袋里偷走钱包
7. abstraction
n.抽象;抽象概念;民不在焉 *abs<ab(=away)
with an air of abstraction 一副心不在焉的样子
in a moment of abstraction 出神的瞬间
8. attract
v.吸引,引起(注意、兴趣);引诱 *at<ad(=near)
attract attention 引起注意
Do you feel attracted to her ? 你对她有好感吗?
9. attraction
n.吸引力;引力;吸引人的东西 *at,ad(=near)
attraction of a pretty girl 美女的魅力
attractions of a big city 大都市的各种诱惑
10. attractive
adj.吸引人的,有魅力的 *at<ad(=near)
attractive personality 有魅力的个性
a most attractive girl 非常吸引人的女孩
attractive price 吸引人的价格
11. contract
v.(使)(肌肉等)收缩;缩小,缩减;患(病);负(债);沾染上(不好的习惯等);约定,订合同
n.契约,合同;承包合同 *con<com(=together)
contractual adj.合同(上)的
contractible/contractile 减少的,收缩性的
contract a muscle 使肌肉收缩
Metals contract as they become cool. 金属冷却时会收缩
I have contracted a bad cold .我得了重感冒。
contract with a firm for 1,000 tons of cement 与一家公司签订1,000吨水呢的销售合同
exchange contracts 社会契约/口头/书面合同
conditions of contract 合同条件
contract price 约定价格
breach of contract 违反合同
contract marriage 协议试婚
work on contract 按合约行事
12. contraction
n.收缩,缩短,缩小;收缩的东西;缩略形式 *con<com(=together)
the contraction of a muscle 肌肉收缩
13. contractor
n.立契约者;承包人 *con<com(=together)
general contractor 总承包人
engineering contractor 工程承包人
army contractor 军需承包商
14. extract
v.(通常指用力)拔出;榨取(果汁等);提取;设法得到(信息等);(从书籍、演讲中)摘录,选用 n.提炼物,浓缩物,浓缩汁,精;摘录,选萃 *ex(=out)
extract a tooth / a cork from the bottle /a bullet from a wound 拔牙/从瓶中拔出软木塞/从伤口处取出子弹
extract money /information from him 设法从他那儿弄到钱/情报
oil extracted from olives 从橄榄中提炼出油
vanilla /beef extract 香草精/浓缩牛肉
extract of mait 麦芽油
exktracts from a long poem 一首长诗的摘录部分
15. extraction
n.拔出,抽出;血统,出身 *ex(=out)
extraction of a tooth 拔牙
an American of South Korean extraction 韩裔美国人
16. protract
v. 延长,拖延(时间) *pro(=forward)
protraction n.拖延,延长
protracted visit/argument 持久的访问/争论
protracted meeting (在某一时间内持续的)信仰复兴布道会
17. protractor
n.量角器,分度规
18. subtract
v.减去,扣除 *sub (under)
6 subtracted from 9 gives 3. 9减6等于3
19. subtraction
n.减去,减法 *sub(=under)
subtrahed n.减数《subtrah = aubtract = to draw;-end 名词字尾》 cf.minuend (被减数)
Two from five is a simple subtraction. 5减2是很简单的减法。
20. tract
n.(山林、农田等)广阔土地;[解]管;(特指涉及宗教、政治等的)小册子,短文
wide tracts of desert in North Africa 北非广阔的沙漠地带
digestive /respiratory tract 消化道/呼吸道
21. tractable
adj.易驾驭的;易处理的
22. traction
n.拖拉,牵引;牵引力
electric /steam traction 电力/蒸汽牵引(力)
traction engine 牵引机车
23. tractor
n.拖拉机,牵引车(牵引农业机械或其他载重装备)
24. distrait
adj.心不在焉的,精神恍惚的 *dis (=away)
25. distraught
adj.心烦意乱的;几乎发狂的
26. entrails
n.内脏,肠,(物体的)内部
27. entrain
v.使(军队)上火车 *en(=into)
28. portray
v.画,为...画像;(用语言)描写;(在戏剧中)饰演...角色 *por<pro(=forth,forward)
portrayal n.描画;描写
29. portrait
n.肖像(画),画像,相片;(用语时行的)描写 *por<pro(=forth,forward)
portraitist n.肖像画家
portraiture n.肖像画;描写
30. trace
n.足迹,痕迹,行踪,踪迹;微量,极少量;(马车的)缰绳,挽留 v.查出...的踪迹,跟踪;探出;画轮廓;描绘;(用绘画工具)刻印;复写;(费力、细心地)写(字);追溯,探索来由
traceable adj.可描画的,可描摹的;可追溯的;可追踪的
tracing n.描摹;追踪
traces of an ancient civilization 古代文明的踪迹
mere trace of smile 淡淡的微笑
trace of fear 一丝恐惧
trace element 微量元素
Archaeologists have traced many Roman in Britain. 考古学家们在英国发掘出很多古罗马人留下的道路。
His fear of dogs traces back to a childhood experience. 他对狗的恐惧源于他童年的经历。
31. tracer
n.映描员,描图者;追踪者
tracer bullet /shell 曳光弹
tracer element 示踪元素
32. track
n. 踪迹;小路,小劲;历程;常规;轨道
tracked adj.限制在轨道上
trackless adj.无足迹的
tracker n.追捕者
trackage n.[集合用法]铁路轨道;铁路的使用权《-age抽象名词字尾》
tracks of a rabbit 兔子的足迹
track through the forest 穿越森林的小径
the beaten track 常规,惯例
track of a comet 彗星的轨道
off the track 离题,误入歧途
single/double track 单轨/双轨(铁道)
running track 跑道
track meet 田径运动会
track system <美>分轨制(按照成绩编班)
33. tracking
n.移动或跟踪摄影;(利用雷达对火箭、导弹)追踪;按学生能力,成绩分组
tracking shot (电影、电视的)移动镜头
tracking station (对人造卫星、宇宙飞船等的)跟踪站,观测站
34. trail
n.踪迹,痕迹;拖拽物;(彗星等的)尾巴;(去或烟雾的)一缕;裙裾;(打猎中)猎物的足迹,气味;(荒野或荒地的)小径;持枪姿势 v.拖拽;(人)拖沓而行;(使烟、云等)飘出;(发丝)垂下;追随,追踪;(藤)蔓延,(草等)蔓生;立正持枪
vapor trails (高空中飞行的飞机留下的)雾化尾迹
Smoke trailed from the chimney. 烟雾从烟囱里袅袅飘出。
trail a wild animal /criminal 追踪野兽/罪犯
roses trailing over the walls 蔓过围墙的蔷薇(藤)
Trail arms !(军令)正立持枪!
35. trailer
n.(运输用)拖车;(用汽车拖着的旅行用的)活动房屋;(电影、电视的)预告片
36. train
v.教导,培训,锻炼;使对准,瞄准 n.列车,火车;列,队列;(一)连串,(一)系列;长袍(或长裙)拖地的部分,裙裾;随之而来的情况
trainer n.(特指运动选手、塞马、马戏团动物等的)训练员,教练,教练员;驯兽员,教练机
trainbeares n.(仪式等中)拉衣裙者
trainee n.实习生;新兵
a train of camels 一队骆驼
What an unlucky train of events! 这一连串的事真不幸!
in train 准备就绪
37. training
n.训练
training college 职业学院;(旧时的)师范学院
training ship 教练舰
go into training 投入训练
38. trait
n.特征,特性;少许,微量
national traits 国民性
culture traits 文化特性
a trait of humor 一点幽默
39. retreat
v.(特指军队)后退,撤退;凹陷 n.后退,撤退;撤退信号;休养所;藏身处,避难处,隐退处 *re(=back)
retreat from the front 从前线撤退
retreating forehead 凹陷的额头
beat a retreat 撤退
The army was in full retreat. 军队全都撤退了。
quiet country retreat 安静的乡村休养所
mountain retreat 山庄
summer retreat 避暑地
40. treatment
n.待遇,对待;处理(方法),处置;治疗(法)
treatment of political prisoners 政治犯的待遇
new treatment for cancer 新的癌症治疗方法
She is still under treatment in hospital . 她还在医院接受治疗。
41. treaty
n.条约,协定;约定,协商
peace / commercial treaty 和平/通商条约
nuclear non-proliferation treaty 防止核扩散条约
42. treatise
n.(学术)论文,专著
treatise on racial prejudice 有关种族偏见的论文
Two Treatises on the Civil Government (洛克的)《政府论(两篇)》)
词根词缀:hernio-, herni-
【来源及含义】Latin: protruded viscus; rupture; in the sense of "protrusion of tissue or part of an organ through an abnormal opening in the surrounding walls"
【相关词根词缀】 A cross reference of other word family units that are related directly, indirectly, or partially with: "opening, hole, cavity, tract, tube": alveolo-; antro-; anu-; celo-; coelio-; concho-; fenestra-; hiat-; meato-; ora-; parieto-; poro-; pyl-, pyle-; pylor-; sphinctero-; splanchn-; stomato-; syringo-; uretero-; urethro-; vagino-; ventricul-.
【同源单词】diaphragmatic hernia, endoherniotomy, hernia, hernia of the brain, hernia of the lungs, hernia truss
词根词缀:parieto-, pariet-
【来源及含义】Latin: wall [of a house], walls; used in the extended sense of "the walls of a cavity or organ of the body"
【相关词根词缀】 A cross reference of other word family units that are related directly, indirectly, or partially with: "opening, hole, cavity, tract, tube": alveolo-; antro-; anu-; celo-; coelio-; concho-; fenestra-; hernio-; hiat-; meato-; ora-; poro-; pyl-, pyle-; pylor-; sphinctero-; splanchn-; stomato-; syringo-; uretero-; urethro-; vagino-; ventricul-.
【同源单词】anteroparietal, biparietal, frontoparietal, interparietal, intraparietal, Nomina stultorum parietibus haerent
词根词缀:uretero-, ureter-
【来源及含义】Greek: urinary canal
【相关描述】Either of two tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder; the walls of each ureter have three layers—a fibrous outer layer, a muscular middle layer, and an inner memberane and are supplied by blood vessels and nerves.
【相关词根词缀】 A cross reference of other word family units that are related directly, indirectly, or partially with: "opening, hole, cavity, tract": alveolo-; antro-; anu-; celo-; coelio-; concho-; fenestra-; hernio-; hiat-; meato-; ora-; parieto-; poro-; pyl-, pyle-; pylor-; sphinctero-; splanchn-; stomato-; syringo-; urethro-; vagino-; ventricul-.
【同源单词】colpoureterocystotomy, colpoureterotom, cystoureterographic, electroureterography, pyeloureteroplasty, ureter