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relic: relic: [13] A relic is etymologically something ‘left’ behind. The word comes via Old French relique from Latin reliquiae ‘remains, particularly of a dead saint’. This was a noun use of the feminine plural of reliquus ‘remaining’, an adjective formed with the prefix re- from the base *liq- ‘leave’ (source also of English delinquent [17] – etymologically ‘leaving things undone’ – and relinquish [15], and also of ellipse, lend, and loan).
=> delinquent, ellipse, lend, loan, relinquish
relieve: relieve: [14] Relieve goes back via Old French relever to Latin relevāre ‘raise again’, a compound verb formed from the prefix re- ‘again’ and levāre ‘raise’ (source of English elevate, levy, etc). Its metaphorical extension to ‘lighten, alleviate’ began in Latin. The derived noun relief reached English in two phases. First, in the standard sense ‘easing, alleviation’, via Anglo-Norman relef in the 14th century; and then, in the 17th century, via French from Italian relievo in the sense ‘raised area in a design’ – a return to the etymological meaning ‘raise’.
=> elevate, levy, relevant
religion: religion: [12] Latin religiō originally meant ‘obligation, bond’. It was probably derived from the verb religāre ‘tie back, tie tight’ (source of English rely), a compound formed from the prefix re- ‘back’ and ligāre ‘tie’ (source of English liable, ligament, etc). It developed the specialized sense ‘bond between human beings and the gods’, and from the 5th century it came to be used for ‘monastic life’ – the sense in which English originally acquired it via Old French religion. ‘Religious practices’ emerged from this, but the word’s standard modern meaning did not develop until as recently as the 16th century.
=> ally, liable, ligament, ligature, rely
relinquish: relinquish: see relic
relish: relish: [16] Ultimately, relax [15], release [13], and relish are all the same word. They go back to Latin relaxāre ‘loosen’, a compound verb formed from the prefix re- ‘back’ and laxāre, a derivative of laxus ‘loose’ (from which English gets languish [13] and lax [14]). Relax was acquired from the Latin verb itself, while release came via Old French relaisser (the notion of ‘loosening’ having led on to ‘letting go’). Relish came from Old French relais, a noun derived from relaisser; the sense ‘taste’ came from the idea of what is ‘released’ or ‘left behind’ after the food or drink has been swallowed.
=> languish, lax, relax, release
bas-relief (n.): 1660s, from French bas-relief, a loan-translation of Italian basso-rilievo "low relief, raised work."
derelict (adj.): 1640s, from Latin derelictus "solitary, deserted," past participle of dereliquere "to abandon, forsake, desert," from de- "entirely" + relinquere "leave behind" (see relinquish). Originally especially of vessels abandoned at sea or stranded on shore. As a noun, from 1660s.
dereliction (n.): 1590s, "abandonment" (formerly with a wider range than in modern use, such as of the sea withdrawing from the land), from Latin derelictionem (nominative derelictio), noun of action from past participle stem of derelinquere (see derelict). Meaning "failure in duty" is from c. 1830.
firelight (n.): also fire-light, "light emitted by an open fire," Old English fyrleoht; see fire (n.) + light (n.).
hireling (n.): "one who works for hire," Old English hyrling; see hire + -ling. As an adjective by 1580s.
irreligion (n.): 1590s, from Late Latin irreligionem (nominative irreligio) "irreligion, impiety," from assimiliated form of in- "not" (see in- (1)) + religio (see religion).
irreligious (adj.): c. 1400, from Late Latin irreligiosus "irreligious, impious," from assimilated form of in- "not, opposite of" (see in- (1)) + religiosus (see religious). Related: Irreligiously.
prelim (n.): 1891, short for preliminary (race, test, event, etc.).
preliminary (adj.): 1660s, from French préliminaire and directly from Medieval Latin praeliminaris, from Latin prae- "before" (see pre-) + limen (genitive liminis) "threshold" (see limit (n.)). A word that arose in reference to negotiations to end the Thirty Years' War. Earliest attested form in English is preliminaries (n.), 1650s.
reliability (n.): 1816, from reliable + -ity.
reliable (adj.): 1560s, raliabill, Scottish; see rely + -able. Not common before 1850; and sometimes execrated thereafter in Britain as an Americanism because it involves a use of -able different from its use in provable, etc., but defended (by OED, Century Dictionary, etc.) on grounds of use of the suffix in available, laughable, etc.. Related: Reliably.
reliance (n.): c. 1600, from rely + -ance.
reliant (adj.): 1856; see rely + -ant. Because it means "dependent (on)" it would seem an odd name for an automobile, but Chrysler (Plymouth) nonetheless chose it as one in 1981.
relic (n.): early 13c., "body part or other object from a holy person," from Old French relique (11c., plural reliques), from Late Latin reliquiæ (plural) "remains of a martyr," in classical Latin "remains, remnants," noun use of fem. plural of reliquus "remaining, that which remains," related to relinquere (perfective reliqui) "to leave behind" (see relinquish). Sense of "remains, ruins" is from early 14c. Old English used reliquias, directly from Latin.
relict (n.): "a widow," mid-15c., from Old French relict, fem. relicte "person or thing left behind" (especially a widow) and directly from Medieval Latin relicta "a widow," noun use of fem. of relictus "abandoned, left behind," past participle adjective from Latin relinquere "to leave behind" (see relinquish).
reliction (n.): in law, "a recession of the sea from the land," 1670s, from Latin relictionem (nominative relictio), noun of action from past participle stem of relinquere (see relinquish).
relief (n.1): late 14c., "alleviation of distress, hunger, sickness, etc; state of being relieved; that which mitigates or removes" (pain, grief, evil, etc.)," from Anglo-French relif, from Old French relief "assistance," literally "a raising, that which is lifted," from stressed stem of relever (see relieve). Meaning "aid to impoverished persons" is attested from c. 1400; that of "deliverance of a besieged town" is from c. 1400. Earlier in English as "that which is left over or left behind," also "feudal payment to an overlord made by an heir upon taking possession of an estate" (both c. 1200).
relief (n.2): "projection of figure or design from a flat surface," c. 1600, from French relief, from Italian rilievo, from rilevare "to raise," from Latin relevare "to raise, lighten" (see relieve).
relieve (v.): late 14c., "alleviate (pain, etc.), mitigate; afford comfort; allow respite; diminish the pressure of," also "give alms to, provide for;" also figuratively, "take heart, cheer up;" from Old French relever "to raise, relieve" (11c.) and directly from Latin relevare "to raise, alleviate, lift up, free from a burden," from re-, intensive prefix (see re-), + levare "to lift up, lighten," from levis "not heavy" (see lever).

The notion is "to raise (someone) out of trouble." From c. 1400 as "advance to the rescue in battle;" also "return from battle; recall (troops)." Meaning "release from duty" is from early 15c. Related: relieved; relieving.
reliever (n.): late 15c., agent noun from relieve. Baseball sense ("relief pitcher") is attested by 1945.
religate (v.): "bind together," 1590s from Latin religatus, past participle of religare "fasten, bind fast" (see rely). Related: Religated; religating.
religieuse (n.): "a nun, a religious woman," 1690s, from French, fem. of religieux "monk," noun use of adjective meaning "religious" (see religious). As a type of pastry, attested from 1929.
religion (n.): c. 1200, "state of life bound by monastic vows," also "conduct indicating a belief in a divine power," from Anglo-French religiun (11c.), Old French religion "piety, devotion; religious community," and directly from Latin religionem (nominative religio) "respect for what is sacred, reverence for the gods; conscientiousness, sense of right, moral obligation; fear of the gods; divine service, religious observance; a religion, a faith, a mode of worship, cult; sanctity, holiness," in Late Latin "monastic life" (5c.).

According to Cicero derived from relegere "go through again" (in reading or in thought), from re- "again" (see re-) + legere "read" (see lecture (n.)). However, popular etymology among the later ancients (Servius, Lactantius, Augustine) and the interpretation of many modern writers connects it with religare "to bind fast" (see rely), via notion of "place an obligation on," or "bond between humans and gods." In that case, the re- would be intensive. Another possible origin is religiens "careful," opposite of negligens. In English, meaning "particular system of faith" is recorded from c. 1300; sense of "recognition of and allegiance in manner of life (perceived as justly due) to a higher, unseen power or powers" is from 1530s.

To hold, therefore, that there is no difference in matters of religion between forms that are unlike each other, and even contrary to each other, most clearly leads in the end to the rejection of all religion in both theory and practice. And this is the same thing as atheism, however it may differ from it in name. [Pope Leo XIII, Immortale Dei, 1885]
religiosity (n.): late 14c., from Old French religiosete and directly from Late Latin religiositas "religiousness," from religiosus (see religious).
religious (adj.): c. 1200, "devout, pious, imbued with or expressive of religious devotion," from Anglo-French religius, Old French religious (12c., Modern French religieux) and directly from Latin religiosus, from religio (see religion). Meaning "pertaining to religion" is from 1530s. Transferred sense of "scrupulous, exact" is recorded from 1590s. Related: Religiousness.
religiously (adv.): late 14c., "in a religous manner," from religious + -ly (2). Transferred sense of "strictly, scrupulously" attested by 1570s.
relinquish (v.): mid-15c., "desert, abandon;" late 15c., "give up, desist," from Old French relinquiss-, present participle stem of relinquir (12c.), from Latin relinquere "leave behind, forsake, abandon, give up," from re- "back" (see re-) + linquere "to leave," from PIE *linkw-, from root *leikw- "to leave behind" (cognates: Sanskrit reknas "inheritance, wealth," rinakti "leaves;" Greek leipein "to leave;" Gothic leihvan, Old English lænan "to lend;" Old High German lihan "to borrow;" Old Norse lan "loan"). Related: Relinquished; relinquishing.
reliquary (n.): "receptacle for keeping relics," 1650s, from French reliquaire (14c.), from relique (see relic).
relique (n.): Frenchified spelling of relic (q.v.).
reliquiae (n.): "remains," 1650s, Latin plural of reliquus "remainder, residue," noun use of adjective meaning "that is left, remaining, left over," related to relinquere (perfective reliqui) "to leave behind" (see relinquish).
relish (v.): 1560s "give flavor to" (implied in relished), from relish (n.). The transferred sense of "to enjoy, take pleasure in" is from 1590s. Related: Relishing.
relish (n.): 1520s, "taste, flavor," alteration of reles "scent, taste, aftertaste," (c. 1300), from Old French relais, reles, "something remaining, that which is left behind," from relaisser "to leave behind" (see release (v.)). Meaning "enjoyment of the taste or flavor of something" is attested from 1640s. Sense of "condiment, that which imparts flavor" is first recorded 1797. The stuff you put on hot dogs is a sweet green pickle relish.
relive (v.): 1540s, "to come to life again" (also "to restore to life again"), from re- "back, again" + live (v.). Meaning "to experience over again" is attested from c. 1711. Related: Relived; reliving.
self-reliance (n.): 1883, from self- + reliance. First recorded in J.S. Mill.
self-reliant (adj.): 1826, from self- + reliant.
shoreline (n.): also shore-line, 1852 in the geographical sense, from shore (n.) + line (n.).
unreliable (adj.): 1835 (Fanny Kemble), from un- (1) "not" + reliable (adj.).
unrelieved (adj.): "monotonous, unvarying," 1764, from un- (1) "not" + past participle of relieve (v.).
harelip: "Another term for cleft lip", Mid 16th century: from a perceived resemblance to the mouth of a hare.
parareligious: "Existing parallel to, or outside, the sphere of mainstream religion", 1940s; earliest use found in Yale French Studies.
relievo: "Another term for relief (sense 4)", Italian rilievo.