英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

diaphragm: diaphragm: [17] The etymological notion underlying diaphragm is of a sort of ‘fence’ or ‘partition’ within the body. It comes via late Latin diaphragma from Greek diáphragma. This in turn was a derivative of diaphrássein ‘divide off, barricade’, a compound verb formed from the intensive prefix dia- and phrássein ‘fence in, enclose’. Originally in Greek diáphragma was applied to other bodily partitions than that between the thorax and the abdomen – to the septum which divides the two nostrils, for instance.
apartheid (n.): 1947 (policy begun 1948), from Afrikaans apartheid (1929 in a South African socio-political context), literally "separateness," from Dutch apart "separate" (from French àpart; see apart) + suffix -heid, cognate of English -hood. The official English synonym was separate development (1955).
"Segregation" is such an active word that it suggests someone is trying to segregate someone else. So the word "apartheid" was introduced. Now it has such a stench in the nostrils of the world, they are referring to "autogenous development." [Alan Paton, "New York Times," Oct. 24, 1960]
nares (n.): "nostrils," 1690s, from Latin nares, plural of naris "nostril," from PIE root *nas- (see nose (n.)).
septum (n.): "partition between the nostrils," 1690s, Modern Latin, from Latin saeptum "a fence, enclosure, partition," from neuter past participle of saepire "to hedge in," from saepes "hedge, fence." Related: Septal.
smutty (adj.): 1590s, "soiled with smut" (of grain); 1660s, "indecent," from smut + -y (2). Related: Smuttily; smuttiness. Smutty-nosed in ornithology means "having black nostrils."
snuffle (n.): 1764, "sound made by snuffling," from snuffle (v.). Old English had snofl (n.) "phlegm, mucus." The snuffles "troublesome mucous discharge from the nostrils" is from 1770.
fulmar: "A gull-sized grey and white seabird of the petrel family, with a stocky body and tubular nostrils", Late 17th century: from Hebridean Norn dialect, from Old Norse fúll 'stinking, foul' (because of its habit of regurgitating its stomach contents when disturbed) + már 'gull'.
gharial: "A large fish-eating crocodile with a long, narrow snout that widens at the nostrils, native to the Indian subcontinent", Early 19th century: from Hindi ghaṛiyāl. The spelling gavial (from French) is an alteration probably due to scribal error.
alinasal: "A lateral expansion of the nostrils or of the nasal bone; also as adjective", Mid 19th cent.; earliest use found in William K. Parker (1823–1890), comparative anatomist and zoologist.