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mutualism (n.)
[mutualism 词源字典]
1849, in reference to the doctrine of French anarchist/socialist Pierre-Joseph Proudhon (1809-1865), from French
mutuellisme
. In biology, from 1876, from
mutual
+
-ism
.
[mutualism etymology, mutualism origin, 英语词源]
[mutualism 词源字典]