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jump [jump 词源字典]: jump: [16] Until the early modern English period, the words for ‘jump’ were leap and spring. Then, apparently out of nowhere, the verb jump appeared. Its provenance has never been satisfactorily explained, and etymologists fall back on the notion that it may originally have been intended to suggest the sound of jumping feet hitting the ground (the similar-sounding bump and thump are used to support this theory).

And certainly one of the earliest known instances of the word’s use connotes as much ‘making heavy contact’ as ‘rising’: ‘The said anchor held us from jumping and beating upon the said rock’, Sir Richard Guylforde, Pilgrimage to the Holy Land 1511. Jumper ‘sweater’ [19], incidentally, appears to have no etymological connection with jump. It was probably derived from an earlier dialectal jump or jup, which denoted a short coat for men or a sort of woman’s underbodice.

This in turn was borrowed from French juppe, a variant of jupe ‘skirt’, whose ultimate source was Arabic jubbah, the name of a sort of loose outer garment.
[jump etymology, jump origin, 英语词源]
jumble (v.): 1520s, originally "to move confusedly," perhaps coined on model of stumble, tumble, etc. In 17c., it was yet another euphemism for "have sex with" (a sense first attested 1580s). Meaning "mix or confuse" is from 1540s. Related: Jumbled; jumbling.
jumble (n.): "a confused mixture," 1660s, from jumble (v.).
jumbo (adj.): "very large, unusually large for its type," 1882, a reference to Jumbo, name of the London Zoo's huge elephant (acquired from France, said to have been captured as a baby in Abyssinia in 1861), sold February 1882 to U.S. circus showman P.T. Barnum amid great excitement in America and great outcry in England, both fanned by Barnum. The name is perhaps from slang jumbo "clumsy, unwieldy fellow" (1823), which itself is possibly from a word for "elephant" in a West African language (compare Kongo nzamba).
"I tell you conscientiously that no idea of the immensity of the animal can be formed. It is a fact that he is simply beyond comparison. The largest elephants I ever saw are mere dwarfs by the side of Jumbo." [P.T. Barnum, interview, "Philadelphia Press," April 22, 1882]
As a product size, by 1886 (cigars). Jumbo jet attested by 1964.
jump (v.): 1520s, perhaps imitative (compare bump); another theory derives it from words in Gallo-Roman dialects of southwestern France (compare jumba "to rock, to balance, swing," yumpa "to rock"), picked up during English occupation in Hundred Years War. Superseded native leap, bound, and spring in most senses. Meaning "to attack" is from 1789; that of "to do the sex act with" is from 1630s. Related: Jumped; jumping. To jump to a conclusion is from 1704. Jumping-rope is from 1805. Jump in a lake "go away and stop being a pest" attested from 1912.
jump (n.): 1550s, "act of jumping," from jump (v.). Meaning "jazz music with a strong beat" first recorded 1937, in Count Basie's "One O'Clock Jump." Jump suit "one-piece coverall modeled on those worn by paratroopers and skydivers" is from 1948.
jumper (n.): 1610s, "one who jumps," agent noun from jump (v.). The word meaning "sleeveless dress" (1853) apparently is from mid-17c. jump "short coat," also "woman's under bodice," of uncertain origin, perhaps from French jupe "skirt" (see jupe). Meaning "sleeveless dress worn over a blouse" first recorded American English 1939.
jumpstart (v.): also jump-start, to start a car using battery booster cables, by 1970, from jumper "wire used to cut out part of a circuit or close a gap" (1901 in telegraphy); see jump + start. Related: Jumpstarted; jumpstarting. Figurative use by 1975.
jumpy (adj.): "nervous," 1869, from jump (n.) + -y (2). Related: Jumpiness.
mumbo jumbo (n.): 1738, name of an idol supposedly worshipped by certain tribes in Africa; said to be a corruption of words in Mandingo (one reconstructed version is Mama Dyumbo), but no likely source has been found in the languages of the Niger region, to which the original accounts relate. Meaning "big, empty talk" is attested from 1896.
base jump: "A parachute jump from a fixed point, typically a high building or promontory, rather than an aircraft", 1980s: base from building, antenna-tower, span, earth (denoting the types of structure used).
jumpsuit: "A garment incorporating trousers and a sleeved top in one piece, worn as a fashion item, protective garment, or uniform", 1940s (originally US): so named because it was first used to denote a parachutist's garment.
jumbuck: "A sheep", Early 19th century: of unknown origin, possibly Australian pidgin for jump up.