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duodenum [duodenum 词源字典]: duodenum: [14] The term duodenum, for the first part of the small intestine, originated as a measure of length. It comes from the medieval Latin phrase intestinum duodēnum digitōrum ‘intestine of twelve digits’ – that is, twelve finger-breadths long, or just over 20 centimetres. Latin duodēnī meant literally ‘twelve each’; it was a derivative of duodecim ‘twelve’ (source also of English dozen).
=> dozen[duodenum etymology, duodenum origin, 英语词源]
date (n.2): the fruit, late 13c., from Old French date, from Old Provençal datil, from Latin dactylus, from Greek daktylos "date," originally "finger, toe;" so called because of fancied resemblance between oblong fruit of the date palm and human digits. Possibly from a Semitic source (compare Hebrew deqel, Aramaic diqla, Arabic daqal "date palm") and assimilated to the Greek word for "finger."
digital (adj.): 1650s, "pertaining to fingers," from Latin digitalis, from digitus (see digit). Meaning "using numerical digits" is from 1938, especially of computers after c. 1945; in reference to recording or broadcasting, from 1960. Related: Digitize.
duodenum (n.): late 14c., from Medieval Latin duodenum digitorium "space of twelve digits," from Latin duodeni "twelve each." Coined by Gerard of Cremona (d.1187), who translated "Canon Avicennae," a loan-translation of Greek dodekadaktylon, literally "twelve fingers long," the intestine part so called by Greek physician Herophilus (c. 353-280 B.C.E.) for its length, about equal to the breadth of twelve fingers.
zip code: "A postal code consisting of five or nine digits", 1960s: Zip, acronym from zone improvement plan.