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decorate [decorate 词源字典]: decorate: [16] Decorate comes from Latin decorātus, the past participle of decorāre ‘make beautiful’, a verb derived from decus ‘ornament’. Its root, decor-, also produced the adjective decorus ‘beautiful, seemly’, from which English gets decorous [17] and, via its neuter singular form, decorum [16]. Décor is a 19th-century borrowing from French, where it was a derivative of the verb décorer. From the same ultimate source come decent and dignity.
=> decent, dignity, decorous[decorate etymology, decorate origin, 英语词源]
decoy: decoy: [16] Dutch kooi means ‘cage’ (it comes from Latin cavea ‘cage’, source of English cage). The term came to be applied specifically to a pond which had been surrounded with nets into which wildfowl were lured for capture. English took it over, but brought with it the Dutch definite article de, so that Dutch de kooi ‘the decoy’ became English decoy.
=> cage
art deco: "decorative and architectural style of the period 1925-1940," attested from 1966, from French art décoratif, literally "decorative art" (see decorative); from L'Exposition Internationale des Arts Décoratifs et Industriels Modernes, held in Paris 1925.
decoct (v.): early 15c., from Latin decoctus, past participle of decoquere (see decoction). Related: Decocted; decocting.
decoction (n.): late 14c., from French décoction (13c.) or directly from Latin decoctionem (nominative decoctio) "a boiling down," noun of action from past participle stem of decoquere "to boil down," from de- "down" (see de-) + coquere "to cook" (see cook (n.)).
decode (v.): 1896, from de- + code. Related: Decoded; decoding.
decolletage (n.): 1894 (from 1883 as a French word in English), from French décolletage, from décolleté "low-necked" (see decollete).
decollete (adj.): 1831, from French décolleté, past participle of décolleter "to bare the neck and shoulders," from de- (see de-) + collet "collar of a dress," diminutive of col (Latin collum) "neck" (see collar (n.)). Not to be confused with decollate (v.), which means "to behead."
decolonization (n.): 1853 in political sense, American English, from de- + colonization. Earlier as a medical term.
decommission (v.): 1922, originally with reference to warships, from de- + commission (v.). Related: Decommissioned; decommissioning.
decompensate (v.): 1912, probably a back-formation from decompensation. Related: Decompensated; decompensating.
decompensation (n.): 1900, from de- + compensation.
decompose (v.): 1750s, "to separate into components," from de- "opposite of" + compose. Sense of "putrefy" is first recorded 1777. Related: Decomposed; decomposing.
decomposer (n.): 1833, "a decomposing agent," agent noun from decompose.
decomposition (n.): 1762, from de- + composition. An earlier word in the same form meant "further compounding of already composite things" (1650s).
decompress (v.): 1905, from de- + compress (v.). Related: Decompressed; decompressing.
decompression (n.): 1905, from de- + compression.
decongestant (n.): 1950, from de- + congestant (see congest).
deconstruct (v.): 1973, back-formation from deconstruction. Related: Deconstructed; deconstructing.
deconstruction (n.): 1973, as a strategy of critical analysis, in translations from French of the works of philosopher Jacques Derrida (1930-2004). The word was used in English in a literal sense from 1865 of building and architecture, and in late 1860s sometimes as an ironic variant of Reconstruction in the U.S. political sense.
decontaminate (v.): 1936, from de- + contaminate. Originally in reference to poison gas. Related: Decontaminated; decontaminating.
decor (n.): 1897, from French décor (18c.), back-formation from décorer "to decorate" (14c.), from Latin decorare (see decorate). It thus duplicates Latin decor "beauty, elegance, charm, grace, ornament." Originally a theater term in English; general use is since 1926.
decorate (v.): early 15c., from Latin decoratus, past participle of decorare "to decorate, adorn, embellish, beautify," from decus (genitive decoris) "an ornament," from PIE root *dek- "to receive, be suitable" (see decent). Related: Decorated; decorating.
decoration (n.): early 15c., "action of decorating, beautification," from Late Latin decorationem (nominative decoratio), noun of action from past participle stem of decorare (see decorate). Meaning "that which decorates" is from 1670s. As "a badge or medal worn as a mark of honor," it is attested from 1816 (often in plural, decorations).
decorative (adj.): early 15c., from Middle French decoratif, from decorat-, past participle stem of Latin decorare (see decorate).
decorator (n.): 1755, agent noun in Latin form from decorate.
decorous (adj.): 1660s, from Latin decorus "becoming, seemly, fitting, proper," from decus (genitive decoris) "ornament" (see decorate). Related: Decorously; decorousness.
decorticate (v.): 1610s, from Latin decorticatus, past participle of decorticare "to strip of bark," from de- (see de-) + stem of cortex "bark of a tree" (see cortex). Related: Decortication.
decorum (n.): 1560s, from Latin decorum "that which is seemly," noun use of neuter of adjective decorus "fit, proper," from decor (see decor).
decoupage (n.): 1960, from French découpage, literally "the act of cutting out," from decouper "to cut out" (12c., Old French decoper), from de- "out" (see de-) + couper "to cut" (see chop (v.1)).
decouple (v.): c. 1600, from French découpler "to uncouple," from de- (see de-) + coupler (Old French copler; see couple (v.)). Related: Decoupled; decoupling.
decoy (n.): 1610s, perhaps from Dutch kooi "cage," used of a pond surrounded by nets, into which wildfowl were lured for capture, from West Germanic *kaiwa, from Latin cavea "cage." The first element is possibly the Dutch definite article de, mistaken in English as part of the word. But decoy, of unknown origin, was the name of a card game popular c. 1550-1650, and this may have influenced the form of the word.
decoy (v.): 1650s, from decoy (n.). Related: Decoyed; decoying.
indecorous (adj.): 1670s, from Latin indecorus "unbecoming, unseemly, unsightly," from in- "not, opposite of, without" (see in- (1)) + decorus "becoming, fitting, seemly, proper" (see decorous). Related: Indecorously; indecorousness.
zydeco (n.): 1949, perhaps from Creole French pronunciation of French les haricots "the beans," part of the title of a popular dance tune ("les haricots sont pas salés").
decollate (1): "Behead (someone)", Late Middle English: from Latin decollat- 'beheaded', from the verb decollare, from de- (expressing removal) + collum 'neck'.
decollate (2): "Mechanically separate sheets of paper into different piles", 1960s: from de- 'away from' + collate.