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cheese [cheese 词源字典]: cheese: [OE] Cheese is of Latin origin, but was borrowed into the West Germanic languages in prehistoric times, producing German kāse and Dutch kaas as well as cheese. The Latin word was cāseus (source also of Spanish queso ‘cheese’), whose possible distant relative Sanskrit kvathati ‘he boils’ suggests an underlying idea of froth or bubbles in the milk from which the cheese is made.
[cheese etymology, cheese origin, 英语词源]
foam: foam: [OE] Foam is an ancient word, with several relatives widespread among the Indo-European languages, all denoting generally ‘substance made up of bubbles’: Latin pūmex, for instance, from which English gets pumice, and probably Latin spūma, from which we get spume [14]. These and other forms, such as Sanskrit phénas and Russian pena ‘foam’, point to a common Indo-European source *poimo-, which produced prehistoric West Germanic *faimaz – whence English foam.
=> pumice, spume
lather: lather: [OE] Indo-European *lou- denoted ‘wash’ (from it English gets laundry, lavatory, lotion, etc). Addition of the suffix *-tro- produced *loutrom, which passed via Germanic *lauthram into English as lather. In Old English this is only recorded as meaning ‘washing soda’, and the modern sense ‘soap bubbles’ does not emerge until the late 16th century.
=> ablution, laundry, lavatory, lotion
suds: suds: [16] Suds was probably borrowed from Middle Dutch sudse ‘marsh, swamp’ (it was used in the East Anglian dialect for ‘muddy swamp water’ or ‘flood water’, and probably the notion of scum or flotsam on such water led on to ‘floating bubbles, lather’ – first recorded at the end of the 15th century). The word’s ultimate source is no doubt the prehistoric Germanic base *suth- ‘boil’, which also produced English seethe and sodden.
=> seethe, sodden
well: well: English has two distinct words well, both of ancient ancestry. The adverb, ‘satisfactorily’ [OE], has relatives throughout the Germanic languages (German wohl, Dutch wel, Swedish väl, and Danish vel), and probably goes back ultimately to the Indo-European base *wel-, *wol-, which also gave English voluntary, wealth, and will.

It was not used as an adjective until the 13th century. Well ‘water-hole’ [OE] is descended from the Germanic base *wal-, *wel- ‘roll’ (source also of English wallet, wallow, waltz, welter, etc), and so etymologically denotes a place where water ‘bubbles’ up. This original notion of turbulent overflowing liquid is better preserved in the related verb well ‘gush’ [OE], which to begin with meant ‘boil’, and hence ‘melt metal’ (‘He made him drink welled lead’, Holy Rood 1300), and produced English weld.
=> voluntary, wealth, will; volume, wallow, waltz, weld, welter
cavitation (n.): "formation of bubbles in fluid," 1895, from cavity + -ation. Earlier as a medical term (1868).
cupidity (n.): mid-15c., from Anglo-French cupidite, Middle French cupidité, from Latin cupiditatem (nominative cupiditas) "passionate desire, lust; ambition," from cupidus "eager, passionate," from cupere "to desire" (perhaps cognate with Sanskrit kupyati "bubbles up, becomes agitated," Old Church Slavonic kypeti "to boil," Lithuanian kupeti "to boil over"). Despite the primarily erotic sense of the Latin word, in English cupidity originally, and still especially, means "desire for wealth."
mast (n.2): "fallen nuts; food for swine," Old English mæst, from Proto-Germanic *masto (cognates: Dutch, Old High German, German mast "mast;" Old English verb mæsten "to fatten, feed"), perhaps from PIE *mad-sta-, from root *mad- "moist, wet," also used of various qualities of food (cognates: Sanskrit madati "it bubbles, gladdens," medah "fat, marrow;" Latin madere "be sodden, be drunk;" Middle Persian mast "drunk;" Old English mete "food," Old High German muos "meal, mushlike food," Gothic mats "food").
migration (n.): 1610s, of persons, 1640s of animals, from Latin migrationem (nominative migratio) "a removal, change of abode, migration," noun of action from past participle stem of migrare "to move from one place to another," probably originally *migwros, from PIE *meigw- (source of Greek ameibein "to change"), from root *mei- (1) "to change, go, move" (see mutable). Related: Migrational.

That European birds migrate across the seas or to Asia was understood in the Middle Ages, but subsequently forgotten. Dr. Johnson held that swallows slept all winter in the beds of rivers, while the naturalist Morton (1703) stated that they migrated to the moon. As late as 1837 the "Kendal Mercury" "detailed the circumstance of a person having observed several Swallows emerging from Grasmere Lake, in the spring of that year, in the form of 'bell-shaped bubbles,' from each of which a Swallow burst forth ...."
must (n.3): "male elephant frenzy," 1871, from Urdu mast "intoxicated, in rut," from Persian mast, literally "intoxicated," related to Sanskrit matta- "drunk, intoxicated," past participle of madati "boils, bubbles, gets drunk," from PIE root *mad- "wet, moist" (see mast (n.2)).
mynah (n.): type of passerine bird of India and the East, "talking starling," 1769, from Hindi maina "a starling," from Sanskrit madana- "delightful, joyful," related to madati "it gladdens," literally "it bubbles," from PIE root *mad- "moist, wet" (see mast (n.2).
pentagon (n.): plane figure with five angles and five sides, 1560s, from Middle French pentagone or directly from Late Latin pentagonum "pentagon," from Greek pentagonon, noun use of neuter of adjective pentagonos "five-angled," from pente "five" (see five) + gonia "angle" (see -gon). The U.S. military headquarters Pentagon was completed 1942, so called for its shape; used allusively for "U.S. military leadership" from 1945. Related: Pentagonal.
In nature, pentagonal symmetry is rare in inanimate forms. Packed soap bubbles seem to strive for it but never quite succeed, and there are no mineral crystals with true pentagonal structures. But pentagonal geometry is basic to many living things, from roses and forget-me-nots to sea urchins and starfish. [Robert Bringhurst, "The Elements of Typographic Style," 1992]