英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

haemorrhage [haemorrhage 词源字典]: haemorrhage: [17] Haemorrhage means literally a ‘bursting forth of blood’. It comes ultimately from Greek haimorrhagíā, a compound formed from Greek haima ‘blood’ and an element derived from the same source as the verb rhēgnúnai ‘break, burst’. Haima, a word of unknown origin, has been a generous contributor to English vocabulary. Besides haemorrhage, it has given haematite [17], literally ‘blood-like stone’, a type of iron ore, haemoglobin [19], a shortening of an earlier haemoglobulin, haemorrhoid [14] (in the 16th and 17th centuries spelled emerod), literally ‘flowing with blood’, and many more.
[haemorrhage etymology, haemorrhage origin, 英语词源]
leukaemia: leukaemia: see light
anaemia (n.): 1824, from French medical term (1761), Modern Latin, from Greek anaimia "lack of blood," from anaimos "bloodless," from an- "without" (see an- (1)) + haima "blood" (see -emia).
anaemic (adj.): c. 1840; see anaemia + -ic. Figurative sense by 1898.
Clytaemnestra: also Clytemnestra, wife and murderess of Agamemnon, from Greek Klytaimnestra, from klytos "celebrated, heard of" (see loud) + mnester "wooer, suitor," literally "willing to mind, mindful of," related to mnasthai "to remember," from PIE root *men- "to think" (see mind (n.)).
daemon (n.): alternative spelling (in specialized senses) of demon (q.v.). Related: Daemonic.
eudaemonic (adj.): also eudemonic, "producing happiness," 1856, from Greek eudaimonikos "conducive to happiness," from eudaimonia "happiness," from eu "good" (see eu-) + daimon "guardian, genius" (see daimon). Related: Eudaimonia; eudemonia; eudaemonical.
haematite (n.): see hematite; also see æ.
haemo-: see hemo-; also see æ.
haemoglobin (n.): see hemoglobin; also see æ.
haemophilia: see hemophilia; also see æ.
haemorrhage: see hemorrhage; also see æ.
ischaemia (n.): also ischemia, 1866 (but as far back as 1660s in form ischaimes), from medical Latin ischaemia, from ischaemus "stopping blood," from Greek iskhaimos "stanching or stopping of blood," from iskhein "to hold" + haima "blood" (see -emia). Related: Ischemic.
Lacedaemonian (adj.): 1780, from Latin Lacedaemonius, from Greek Lakedaimonios, from Lakedaimon, an ancient Greek name for Sparta and the district around it.
leukaemia (n.): alternative spelling of leukemia.
hypoxaemia: "An abnormally low concentration of oxygen in the blood", Late 19th century: from hypo- (denoting an element in a low valency) + oxygen + -aemia.
haemorrhoid: "A swollen vein or group of veins in the region of the anus", Late Middle English: via Old French and Latin from Greek haimorrhoides (phlebes) 'bleeding (veins)', from haima 'blood' + an element related to rhein 'to flow'.
haemoptysis: "The coughing up of blood", Mid 17th century: from modern Latin hemoptysis, from haemo- 'of blood' + Greek ptusis 'spitting'.
haem: "An iron-containing compound of the porphyrin class which forms the non-protein part of haemoglobin and some other biological molecules", 1920s: back-formation from haemoglobin.
toxaemia: "Blood poisoning by toxins from a local bacterial infection", Mid 19th century: from toxi- + -aemia.
aleukaemic: "Designating types or stages of leukaemias and related diseases in which the leucocyte count in the blood is not elevated; especially in aleukaemic leukaemia", Late 19th cent.; earliest use found in American Journal of the Medical Sciences. From a- + leukaemic, after French aleucémique or its etymon German aleukämisch.
bacteraemia: "The presence of bacteria in the blood", Late 19th century: from bacterium + -aemia.
oxalaemia: "The presence of (an abnormally high concentration of) oxalate in the blood", Late 19th cent.; earliest use found in The New Sydenham Society's Lexicon of Medicine and the Allied Sciences.
uraemia: "A raised level in the blood of urea and other nitrogenous waste compounds that are normally eliminated by the kidneys", Mid 19th century: modern Latin, from Greek ouron 'urine' + haima 'blood'.
haematic: "Relating to or affecting the blood", Mid 19th century: from Greek haimatikos, from haima, haimat- 'blood'.
oligaemia: "Another term for hypovolaemia", Mid 19th century: from French oligaimie, from Greek oligaimia.
haemocyanin: "A protein containing copper, responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood plasma of arthropods and molluscs", Mid 19th century: from haemo- 'of blood' + cyan + -in¹.
afibrinogenaemia: "Absence of fibrinogen in the blood, usually resulting in impaired coagulation; an acquired or inherited condition characterized by this", 1940s; earliest use found in Journal of the American Medical Association. From a- + fibrinogen + -aemia, after German Afibrinogenämie.
hyperaemia: "An excess of blood in the vessels supplying an organ or other part of the body", Mid 19th century: from hyper- 'above normal' + -aemia.
alkalaemia: "A condition in which the blood has a higher pH than normal", 1920s; earliest use found in The Lancet. From alkali + -aemia.
haematemesis: "The vomiting of blood", Early 19th century: from haemato- 'of blood' + Greek emesis 'vomiting'.
septicaemia: "Blood poisoning, especially that caused by bacteria or their toxins", Mid 19th century: modern Latin, from Greek sēptikos + haima 'blood'.
acidaemia: "Increased acidity of the blood; an instance of this; = acidosis. Frequently with distinguishing word, typically indicating the type of excess acid", Late 19th cent.; earliest use found in The Lancet. From acid + -aemia.
haematin: "A bluish-black compound derived from haemoglobin by removal of the protein part and oxidation of the iron atom", Mid 19th century: from Greek haima, haimat- 'blood' + -in¹.