英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

swelling (n.)[swelling 词源字典]: "tumor, morbid enlargement," Old English; verbal noun from swell (v.).[swelling etymology, swelling origin, 英语词源]
swelter (v.): c. 1400, "faint with heat," frequentative of swelten "be faint (especially with heat)," late 14c., from Old English sweltan "to die, perish," from Proto-Germanic *swiltan- (cognates: Old Saxon sweltan "to die," Old Norse svelta "to put to death, starve," Gothic sviltan "to die"), perhaps originally "to burn slowly," hence "to be overcome with heat or fever," from PIE root *swel- (2) "to shine, beam" (see Selene). From the same ancient root comes Old English swelan "to burn." For specialization of words meaning "to die," compare starve. Related: Sweltered; sweltering.
swelter (n.): "a sweltering condition," 1851, from swelter (v.).
sweltering (adj.): "oppressively hot" (of weather, seasons), 1590s, present participle adjective from swelter (v.). Related: Swelteringly.
sweltry (adj.): 1570s, for *sweltery, from swelter (v.) + -y (2).
swept: past participle of sweep (v.).
swerve (v.): c. 1200, "to depart, go make off; turn away or aside;" c. 1300, "to turn aside, deviate from a straight course;" in form from Old English sweorfan "to rub, scour, file away, grind away," but sense development is difficult to trace. The Old English word is from Proto-Germanic *swerb- (cf Old Norse sverfa "to scour, file," Old Saxon swebran "to wipe off"), from PIE root *swerbh- "to turn; wipe off." Cognate words in other Germanic languages (cognates: Old Frisian swerva "to creep," Middle Dutch swerven "to rove, roam, stray") suggests the sense of "go off, turn aside" might have existed in Old English, though unrecorded. Related: Swerved; swerving.
swerve (n.): 1741, from swerve (v.).
swift (adj.): Old English swift "moving quickly," perhaps originally "turning quickly," from Proto-Germanic swip- (see swivel (n.)). Related: Swiftly; swiftness.
swift (n.): type of bird (several species of the family Cypselidæ, resembling swallows), 1660s, from swift (adj.) in reference to its swift flight. Regarded as a bird of ill-omen, if not downright demonic, probably for its shrill cry. The name earlier had been given to several small fast lizards (1520s).
swig (v.): 1650s, from swig (n.). Related: Swigged; swigging.
swig (n.): 1540s, "a drink, liquor," later "big or hearty drink of liquor" (1620s), of unknown origin.
swill (n.): "liquid kitchen refuse fed to pigs," 1550s, from swill (v.).
swill (v.): Old English swilian, swillan "to wash out, gargle," probably from Proto-Germanic *swil-, related to the root of swallow (v.). Meaning "drink greedily" is from 1530s. Related: Swilled; swilling.
swim (v.): Old English swimman "to move in or on the water, float" (class III strong verb; past tense swamm, past participle swummen), from Proto-Germanic *swimjan (cognates: Old Saxon and Old High German swimman, Old Norse svimma, Dutch zwemmen, German schwimmen), from PIE root *swem- "to be in motion."

The root is sometimes said to be restricted to Germanic, but according to OED possible cognates are Welsh chwyf "motion," Old Irish do-sennaim "I hunt," Lithuanian sundyti "to chase." For the usual Indo-European word, see natatorium. Transitive sense of "cross by swimming" is from 1590s. Sense of "reel or move unsteadily" first recorded 1670s; of the head or brain, from 1702. Figurative phrase sink or swim is attested from mid-15c., in early use often with reference to ordeals of suspected witches.
swim (n.): 1540s, "the clear part of any liquid" (above the sediment), from swim (v.). Meaning "part of a river or stream frequented by fish" (and hence fishermen) is from 1828, and is probably the source of the figurative meaning "the current of the latest affairs or events" (as in in the swim "on the inside, involved with current events," 1869). Meaning "act of swimming" is from 1764.
swimmer (n.): late 14c., agent noun from swim (v.).
swimmeret (n.): 1840, from swimmer (n.) + diminutive suffix -let. Related: Swimmerets.
swimming (n.): late 14c., "act of propelling the body through water," verbal noun from swim (v.). Swimming hole is from 1855, American English; swimming pool is from 1881.
swimmingly (adv.): "with steady, smooth progress; in an easy, gliding manner," 1620s, from swimming + -ly (2).