英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

strap-hanger (n.)[strap-hanger 词源字典]: also straphanger "rider on a street-car, elevated-train, bus, or subway," 1901, from strap (n.) + hanger. In reference to the hanging straps built in to cars and meant to be grasped for balance by those without seats.[strap-hanger etymology, strap-hanger origin, 英语词源]
strapless (adj.): 1824 of shoes, 1839 of trousers, 1920 of gowns, 1931 of brassieres, from strap (n.) + -less.
strapline (n.): 1960, in typography, "subhead above the main head," from strap (n.) + line (n.). In reference to a woman's undergarments, by 1973.
strapping (adj.): "tall and sturdy, robust," originally applied to women, 1650s, from present participle of strap (v.). Compare similar senses of whopping, spanking, bouncing and other present participle adjectives of violent action expressing something large in size.
strappy (adj.): of shoes, etc., by 1970, from strap (n.) + -y (2).
strata (n.): c. 1700, plural of stratum.
stratagem (n.): "artifice, trick," late 15c., from Middle French strattegeme, stratagème "trick, especially to outwit an enemy" (15c.), from Italian stratagemma, from Latin strategema "artifice, stratagem," from Greek strategema "the act of a general; military stratagem," from strategein "to be a general, command," from strategos "general" (see strategy). Related: Stratagematic; stratagemical. The second -a- is a Romanic misspelling (compare Spanish estratagema).
strategic (adj.): "pertaining to strategy, characterized by strategy," 1807, from French stratégique and directly from Greek strategikos in classical use "of or for a general; fitted for command," from strategos (see strategy). Related: Strategical; strategically (1810).
strategist (n.): 1838, from French stratégiste, from stratégie (see strategy).
strategize (v.): 1874, from strategy + -ize. Related: Strategized; strategizing.
strategy (n.): 1810, "art of a general," from French stratégie (18c.) and directly from Greek strategia "office or command of a general," from strategos "general, commander of an army," also the title of various civil officials and magistrates, from stratos "multitude, army, expedition, encamped army," literally "that which is spread out" (see structure (n.)) + agos "leader," from agein "to lead" (see act (n.)). In non-military use from 1887.
strath (n.): "wide river valley between hills," 1530s, from Scottish, from Old Irish srath "wide river valley," from Old Celtic *s(t)rato-, from PIE root *stere- "to spread, extend, stretch out" (see structure (n.)).
stratification (n.): 1610s, from Medieval Latin stratificationem (nominative stratificatio), noun of action from past participle stem of stratificare "to form strata," from stratum "thing spread out" (see stratum) + root of facere "to make" (see factitious). In sociology from 1879.
stratify (v.): 1660s, from French stratifier, from Modern Latin stratificare, from stratum (see stratum). Related: Stratified; stratifying.
stratigraphy (n.): "description of strata," 1865, from Latin strati-, comb. form of stratum (see stratum) + -graphy. Related: Stratigraphic; stratigraphical.
strato-: before vowels strat-, word-forming element referring to layers or layering, also stratus clouds, from comb. form of Latin stratus "a spreading" (see stratum).
strato-cumulus (adj.): 1898, from strato- + cumulus.
stratocracy (n.): "government by the army, military government," 1650s, from comb. form of Greek stratos "army, encamped army" (see strategy) + -cracy.
stratography (n.): "description of armies," 1810, from comb. form of Greek stratos "army, encamped army" (see strategy) + -graphy.
stratosphere (n.): 1908, from French stratosphère, literally "sphere of layers," coined by French meteorologist Léon-Philippe Teisserenc de Bort (1855-1913) from Latin stratus "a spreading out" (from past participle stem of sternere "to spread out;" see structure (n.)) + French -sphère, as in atmosphère (see sphere).

The region where the temperature increases or remains steady as you go higher. An earlier stratosphere, attested in English 1908 and coined in German 1901, was a geological term for part of the Earth's crust. It is now obsolete. Related: Stratospheric.