英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

privatize (v.)[privatize 词源字典]: 1968, from private (adj.) + -ize. Related: Privatized; privatizing.[privatize etymology, privatize origin, 英语词源]
privet (n.): type of evergreen shrub, 1540s, of unknown origin. Early forms primet, primprint perhaps suggest some connection with prime [Klein].
privilege (n.): mid-12c. "grant, commission" (recorded earlier in Old English, but as a Latin word), from Old French privilege "right, priority, privilege" (12c.) and directly from Latin privilegium "law applying to one person, bill of law in favor of or against an individual," later "privilege," from privus "individual" (see private (adj.)) + lex (genitive legis) "law" (see legal (adj.)). Meaning "advantage granted" is from mid-14c. in English.
privilege (v.): early 14c., privilegen, "to invest with a privilege," from privilege (n.) and from Old French privilegier (13c.), from Medieval Latin privilegare, from Latin privilegium. Related: Privileged; priviledging.
privileged (adj.): late 14c. of things; mid-15c. of persons, past participle adjective from privilege (v.).
privity (n.): early 13c., from Old French privité, priveté "privacy; a secret, private matter" (c. 1200), from prive "private," from Latin privus (see private (adj.)).
privy (adj.): "private," early 13c., from Old French privé "friendly, intimate; a private place," from Latin privatus "private, personal" (see private (adj.)). Meaning "participating in (a secret)" (usually with to) is attested from late 14c. Related: Privily. Privy Council is from c. 1300 in a general sense; specifically of the British government, first attested late 14c., as consaile priue. Privy member "organ of sex" is from late 13c.
privy (n.): "toilet," c. 1200, from Old French privé, privee "latrine," literally "private place," from noun use of adjective privé (see privy (adj.)).
prix fixe: meal served at a fixed price, 1883, French, literally "fixed price" (see price (n.) and fix (v.)).
prize (n.1): "reward," prise (c. 1300 in this sense), from Old French pris "price, value, worth; reward" (see price (n.)). As an adjective, "worthy of a prize," from 1803. The spelling with -z- is from late 16c. Prize-fighter is from 1703; prize-fight from 1730 (prize-fighter from 1785).
prize (n.2): "something taken by force," mid-13c., prise "a taking, holding," from Old French prise "a taking, seizing, holding," noun use of fem. past participle of prendre "to take, seize," from Latin prendere, contraction of prehendere "lay hold of, grasp, seize, catch" (see prehensile). Especially of ships captured at sea (1510s). The spelling with -z- is from late 16c.
prize (v.): "to estimate," 1580s, alteration of Middle English prisen "to prize, value" (late 14c.), from stem of Old French preisier "to praise" (see praise (v.)). Related: Prized; prizing.
prized (adj.): "highly esteemed," 1530s, adjective from prize (n.1.), or from past participle of Middle English prisen "to prize, value" (late 14c.), from stem of Old French preisier "to praise" (see praise (v.)).
pro (n.1): 1866, shortening of professional (n.). The adjective is first recorded 1915 (in golfing's pro shop).
pro (n.2): "a consideration or argument in favor," c. 1400, from Latin pro (see pro-). Pro and con is attested from c. 1400, short for pro and contra "for and against" (Latin pro et contra).
pro bono: short for Medieval Latin pro bono publico "for the public good;" see pro- + bene-.
pro forma: also proforma, Latin, literally "for form's sake, by way of formality;" see pro- + form (n.).
pro rata: 1570s, from Latin pro rata (parte) "according to the calculated (share)," from pro "for" (see pro-) + rata, ablative singular of ratus, past participle of reri "to count, reckon" (see rate (n.)).
pro tanto: Latin, literally "for so much; to such an extent;" see pro- + tantamount.
pro tem: 1828, short for pro tempore.