英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

prevarication (n.)[prevarication 词源字典]: late 14c., "divergence from a right course, transgression," from Old French prevaricacion "breaking of God's laws, disobedience (to the Faith)" (12c., Modern French prévarication) and directly from Latin praevaricationem (nominative praevaricatio) "duplicity, collusion, a stepping out of line (of duty or behavior)," noun of action from past participle stem of praevaricari "to make a sham accusation, deviate," literally "walk crookedly," in Church Latin, "to transgress," from prae "before" (see pre-) + varicare "to straddle," from varicus "straddling," from varus "bowlegged, knock-kneed" (see varus). Meaning "evasion, quibbling" is attested from 1650s.[prevarication etymology, prevarication origin, 英语词源]
prevaricator (n.): c. 1400, from Old French prevaricator and directly from Latin praevaricator "sham accuser; unfaithful advocate," agent noun from past participle stem of praevaricari (see prevaricate).
prevenient (adj.): 1650s, from Latin praevenientem (nominative praeveniens), present participle of praevenire, from prae- (see pre-) + venire "to come" (see venue).
prevent (v.): early 15c., "act in anticipation of," from Latin praeventus, past participle of praevenire "come before, anticipate, hinder," in Late Latin also "to prevent," from prae "before" (see pre-) + venire "to come" (see venue). Originally literal; sense of "anticipate to hinder" was in Latin, but not recorded in English until 1540s.
preventable (adj.): 1630s, from prevent + -able.
preventative (adj.): 1650s, from prevent + -ative. OED points out that preventive is better-formed. As a noun, from 1774.
prevention (n.): mid-15c., "action of stopping an event or practice," from Middle French prévention and directly from Late Latin praeventionem (nominative praeventio) "action of anticipating," noun of action from past participle stem of praevenire (see prevent).
preventive (adj.): 1630s, from Latin praevent-, past participle stem of praevenire (see prevent), + -ive. As a noun, from 1630s; in medical use from 1670s.
preverbal (adj.): 1931, from pre- + verbal.
preview (v.): c. 1600, "to see beforehand," from pre- + view (v.). Meaning "to show (a film, etc.) before its public opening" is from 1928. Related: Previewed; previewing.
preview (n.): "a foretaste," 1880, from preview (v.); specifically "a showing of a book, film, etc. before public release" from 1920.
previous (adj.): 1620s, from Latin praevius "going before," from prae "before" (see pre-) + via "road" (see via). Related: Previously.
prevision (n.): 1610s, "foresight," from French prévision (14c.), from Late Latin praevisionem (nominative praevisio), noun of action from past participle stem of Latin praevidere "see first, see beforehand," from prae- "before" (see pre-) + videre "to see" (see vision).
prex (n.): U.S. college slang for president (of a college), 1828. As a Latin verb, it meant "a request, entreaty."
prexy (n.): 1871, slang extension of prex.
prey (v.): c. 1300, "to plunder, pillage, ravage," from prey (n.) and in part from Old French preer, earlier preder (c.1040), from Late Latin praedare, from praeda (see prey (n.)). Its sense of "to kill and devour" is attested from mid-14c. Related: Preyed; preying.
prey (n.): mid-13c., "animal hunted for food," also "that which is taken in war," from Old French preie "booty, animal taken in the chase" (mid-12c., Modern French proie), from Latin praeda "booty, plunder, game hunted," earlier praeheda, literally "something seized before," from PIE *prai-heda-; for first element see prae-; second element related to the second element in prehendere "to grasp, seize" (see prehensile).
prez (n.): slang shortening of president, 1892, American English. Compare prex.
priapic (adj.): "phallic," 1786, with -ic + Priapus (Greek Priapos), son of Dionysus and Aphrodite, the god who personified male reproductive power. His name is of unknown origin.
priapism (n.): "persistent erection of the penis," 1620s, from Late Latin priapismus, from Greek priapismos, from priapizein, from Priapos (see priapic + -ism).