英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

brochure (n.)[brochure 词源字典]: 1748, "pamphlet; short written work stitched together," from French brochure "a stitched work," from brocher "to stitch" (sheets together), from Old French brochier "to prick, jab, pierce," from broche "pointed tool, awl" (see broach (n.)).[brochure etymology, brochure origin, 英语词源]
brock (n.): Old English brocc "badger," a borrowing from Celtic (compare Old Irish brocc, Welsh broch). After c. 1400, often with the adjective stinking, and meaning "a low, dirty fellow."
brogans (n.): type of coarse shoes, 1846, from Irish and Gaelic brogan, diminutive of brog "shoe" (also see brogue).
brogue (n.): type of Celtic accent, 1705, perhaps from the meaning "rough, stout shoe" worn by rural Irish and Scottish highlanders (1580s), via Gaelic or Irish, from Old Irish broce "shoe," thus originally meaning something like "speech of those who call a shoe a brogue." Or perhaps it is from Old Irish barrog "a hold" (on the tongue).
broil (v.1): "to cook," late 14c. (earlier "to burn," mid-14c.), from Old French bruller "to broil, roast" (Modern French brûler), earlier brusler "to burn" (11c.), which, with Italian bruciare, is of uncertain and much-disputed origin.

Perhaps from Vulgar Latin *brodum "broth," borrowed from Germanic and ultimately related to brew (v.). Gamillscheg proposes it to be from Latin ustulare "to scorch, singe" (from ustus, past participle of urere "to burn") and altered by influence of Germanic "burn" words beginning in br-. Related: Broiled; broiling.
broil (v.2): early 15c., "to quarrel, brawl," also "mix up, present in disorder," from Anglo-French broiller "mix up, confuse," Old French brooillier "to mix, mingle," figuratively "to have sexual intercourse" (13c., Modern French brouiller), perhaps from breu, bro "stock, broth, brew," from Frankish or another Germanic source (compare Old High German brod "broth") akin to broth (see brew (v.)); also compare imbroglio.
broiler (n.): late 14c., "grill or gridiron used in broiling," agent noun from broil (v.1). From c. 1300 as a surname, perhaps meaning "cook who specializes in broiling." Meaning "chicken for broiling" is from 1876.
broke (adj.): past tense and obsolete past participle of break (v.); extension to "insolvent" is first recorded 1716 (broken in this sense is attested from 1590s). Old English cognate broc meant, in addition to "that which breaks," "affliction, misery."
broken (adj.): late 14c., past participle adjective from break (v.). Broken record in reference to someone continually repeating the same thing is from 1944, in reference to scratches on records that cause the needle to jump back and repeat.
When Britain's Minister of State, Selwyn Lloyd[,] became bored with a speech by Russia's Andrei Vishinsky in UN debate, he borrowed a Dizzy Gillespie bebop expression and commented: "Dig that broken record." While most translators pondered the meaning, a man who takes English and puts it into Chinese gave this translation: "Recover the phonograph record which you have discarded." ["Jet," Oct. 15, 1953]
broken-hearted (adj.): also brokenhearted, 1520s, from broken + hearted. Related: Broken-heartedly; broken-heartedness.
broker (n.): late 14c., from Anglo-French brocour "small trader," from abrokur "retailer of wine, tapster;" perhaps from Portuguese alborcar "barter," but more likely from Old French brocheor, from brochier "to broach, tap, pierce (a keg)," from broche "pointed tool" (see broach (n.)), giving original sense of "wine dealer," hence "retailer, middleman, agent." In Middle English, used contemptuously of peddlers and pimps.
broker (v.): 1630s (implied in brokering), from broker (n.). Related: Brokered.
brokerage (n.): mid-15c., "a broker's trade," from broker (n.) + -age. Also, in 17c., "a pimp's trade."
brolly (n.): British slang, "umbrella," by 1866, a clipped and shortened form of umbrella.
bromeliad (n.): from Modern Latin Bromeliaceæ, family name given by Linnæus, for Olaus Bromel (1639-1705), Swedish botanist. Related: Bromeliads.
bromide (n.): compound of bromine and another metal or radical, 1836, from bromine, the pungent, poisonous element, + -ide. Used as a sedative; figurative sense of "dull, conventional person or trite saying" popularized by U.S. humorist Frank Gelett Burgess (1866-1951) in his book "Are You a Bromide?" (1906). Related: Bromidic.
bromine (n.): nonmetallic element, 1827, from French brome, from Greek bromos "stench." With chemical suffix -ine (2). The evil-smelling dark red liquid was discovered by French chemist Antoine Jérôme Balard (1802-1876), who initially called it muride.
bronchial (adj.): c. 1735, from Late Latin bronchus, from Greek bronkhos "windpipe, throat" (from PIE *gwro-nkh-, from root *gwere- (4) "to swallow;" see voracity) + -al (1). bronchial tubes is from 1847.
bronchiectasis (n.): Modern Latin, from Greek bronkhia "the bronchial tubes" (plural; see bronchial) + ektasis "a stretching out, extension, dilation."
bronchiole (n.): Modern Latin, from diminutive of bronchia "the bronchial tubes" (plural; see bronchial).