4. You, you give me the definition of a validargument.
你们给我一个有效论点的定义。
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5. Okay does everyone see why this is a validargument?
大家都明白为什么这是有效论点了吧?
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6. How can we get a validargument form from talk of morality?
我们怎样从道德的谈论中得到一个有效的论点形式呢?
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7. So what do we know? This is a validargument isn't it? Yes?
我们知道什么呢?这是个有效论点,不是吗?
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8. Q Here is a validargument form. If P then Q. P therefore Q.
这里有一个有效的论点形式,如果P,那么Q,P所以。
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9. Now that looks like a deductively validargument doesn't it?
这看起来像演绎有效的论点,不是吗?
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10. It's a validargument but it won't ever going to persuade you.
这是有效论点,但是这不会说服你。
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11. You could have a valid argument in which the premises are false.
前提为假,论点可能为真。
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12. What you gave me wasn't a validargument do you have another one?
你给我的不是一个有效的论点,你们还有吗?
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13. It's only sound if it's a validargument and it has true premises.
如果是有效论点才会完好,他有真前提。
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14. So you could have a validargument in which the premises are all false.
一个有效论点可能,前提都为假。
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15. The only validargument I can see for the iPhone not being the best is the AT&T requirement.
就我所知,iPhone唯一不能称为最好的有效论据,是AT&T的条件。
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16. Once you have got an validargument you can add anything you like and it will still be valid.
一旦你有一个有效论点,你可以加任何东西,他依然有效。
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17. So if we see the conclusion of a validargument is false what do you know? A little bit longer.
如果我们看到有效论点的结论为假,你们知道什么?有一点长。
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18. Actually a validargument doesn't have true premises and true conclusion what is a valid argument?
实际上一个有效论点没有真前提和真结论,什么是有效论点呢?
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19. This is a deductively validargument and its truth preserving and therefore it is very, very useful.
这是个演绎的有效论点,保留了真理,所以非常有用。
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20. Inductive grounds as well. Here this is observation isn't it and do we have a validargument here?
也是归纳的基础,这里是观察,不是吗?,我们有一个有效地论点?
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21. So it's a validargument but has false premises. Okay what about if it is an invalid argument with false premises.
这是个有效的论点但是有假前提,如果是无效论点有假前提呢?
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22. Do you see how that is-if that's a deductively validargument it in the virtue of the meaning of the word wrong. Isn't it?
你们明白,如果那是一个演绎有效的论点,它是通过错误这个词的意思,不是吗?
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23. And that's what tells you whether the argument is valid or not So this is a deductively valid argument and this is a fallacy.
这是他告诉你结论是否有效,这是演绎有效的论点,这是一个谬论。
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24. And I am saying actually the discovery that the validargument is that the conclusion in which is false can be hugely important.
我说实际上发现那是有效论点,结论为假,可能很重要。
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25. But if we put this together for a validargument we get that is known to be false, so we know either one of these got to be false.
但是如果我们一起放出这个,作为有效论点,我们知道的就为假,所以我们知道两者中的一个为假。
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26. If we can show the conclusion of a validargument - put your hand up-if we can show the conclusion of a valid argument is false what do we know?
如果我们可以展示有效论点的结论-,举手,如果我们可以展示,有效论点的结论为假,我们知道什么?
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27. That's right. So if you have a validargument a deductively valid argument in which the conclusion is false then you know one of the premises must be false.
对,所以如果论点有效,一个演绎的有效论点中结论是假的,你就知道前提中有一项是假的。
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28. So again we have a deductively validargument but it's not deductively valid in actually we're a lot further on in modal logical then we are in deontic logic.
29. And as soon as you understand that and as soon as you stop thinking of a validargument having true premises and true conclusion you will see what's going on here.
只要你们明白,只要停止思考有效论点有,真前提和真结论,你们就明白了。
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30. When executing the script containing getopt, named opttest, using a validargument of -x-or --xxxxx, getopt recognizes the switch and executes the code within the case switch
在执行包含getopt(称为opttest)的脚本时,如果在 -x 或 --xxxxx 中使用有效的参数,getopt 会识别出开关并执行 case 开关中的代码