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fuse [fuse 词源字典]: fuse: English has two distinct words fuse. The noun, ‘igniting device’ [17], comes via Italian fuso from Latin fūsus ‘spindle’, a word of unknown origin. Its modern application comes from the fact that the long thin shape of the original gunpowder-filled tubes used for setting off bombs reminded people of spindles. The Vulgar Latin diminutive form of fūsus, *fūsellus, gave French fuseau ‘spindle’, which is the ultimate source of English fuselage [20] (etymologically, ‘something shaped like a spindle’).

The verb fuse ‘melt’ [17] probably comes from fūsus, the past participle of Latin fundere ‘pour, melt’ (source of English found, foundry, and fusion [16]).
=> fuselage; found, foundry, fusion[fuse etymology, fuse origin, 英语词源]
aorta (n.): 1570s, from Medieval Latin aorta, from Greek aorte, term applied by Aristotle to the great artery of the heart, literally "what is hung up," from aeirein "to lift, heave, raise," which is of uncertain origin; related to the second element in meteor. Used earlier by Hippocrates of the bronchial tubes. Related: Aortal; aortic.
boob tube (n.): "television set," U.S. slang, by 1965, from boob "stupid person" + slang tube (n.) "television, television programming," because the sets really did have vacuum tubes in them once upon a time.
bronchial (adj.): c. 1735, from Late Latin bronchus, from Greek bronkhos "windpipe, throat" (from PIE *gwro-nkh-, from root *gwere- (4) "to swallow;" see voracity) + -al (1). bronchial tubes is from 1847.
bronchiectasis (n.): Modern Latin, from Greek bronkhia "the bronchial tubes" (plural; see bronchial) + ektasis "a stretching out, extension, dilation."
bronchiole (n.): Modern Latin, from diminutive of bronchia "the bronchial tubes" (plural; see bronchial).
bronchitis (n.): coined in Modern Latin 1808 by Charles Bedham, from bronchia "the bronchial tubes" (plural; see bronchial) + -itis "inflammation."
bronchoscopy (n.): from German bronchoskopie (1898), from Latinized comb. form of Greek bronkhia "the bronchial tubes" (plural; see bronchial); also see -scope.
calculator (n.): late 14c., "mathematician, one who calculates," from Latin calculator, from calculatus, past participle of calculare "to reckon, compute," from calculus (see calculus). Of mechanical adding machine contraptions, from 1784. Of electronic ones, from 1946.
Electronic calculator uses 18,000 tubes to solve complex problems ["Scientific American" headline, June 1946]
ENIAC: acronym from "electronic numeral integrator and computer," device built 1946 at University of Pennsylvania by John W. Mauchly Jr., J. Presper Eckert Jr., and J.G. Brainerd. It cost $400,000, used 18,000 radio tubes, and was housed in a 30-foot-by-50-foot room.
Fallopian (adj.): 1706 in reference to the Fallopian tubes, from Latinized form of the name of Gabriello Fallopio (1523-1562), Italian anatomist who first described them.
fuse (n.): "combustible cord or tube for lighting an explosive device," also fuze, 1640s, from Italian fuso, literally "spindle" (the ignition device so called for its shape, because the originals were long, thin tubes filled with gunpowder), from Latin fusus "a spindle," which is of uncertain origin. Influenced by French cognate fusée "spindleful of hemp fiber," and obsolete English fusee "musket fired by a fuse," which is from French. Meaning "device that breaks an electrical circuit" is first recorded 1884, so named for its shape, but erroneously attributed to fuse (v.) because it melts.
intubate (v.): 1610s, "to form into tubes," from in- (2) "in" + Latin tuba "tube" (see tuba) + -ate (2). Medical sense is from 1889. Related: Intubated; intubation.
Promethean (adj.): 1580s, from Prometheus + -an. Before the introduction of modern matches (see lucifer), promethean was the name given (early 19c.) to small glass tubes full of sulphuric acid, surrounded by an inflammable mixture, which ignited when pressed and gave off light.
rigatoni (n.): "short, hollow, fluted tubes of pasta," 1930, from Italian rigatooni, plural of rigato, past participle of rigare "to draw a line, to make fluting," from riga "line; something cut out," from a Germanic source, from Proto-Germanic *rigon- (see row (n.1)), from PIE *rei- "to scratch, tear, cut" (see riparian).
solid (adj.): late 14c., "not empty or hollow," from Old French solide "firm, dense, compact," from Latin solidus "firm, whole, undivided, entire," figuratively "sound, trustworthy, genuine," from PIE *sol-ido-, suffixed form of root *sol- "whole" (cognates: Greek holos "whole," Latin salus "health," salvus "safe;" see safe (adj.)).

Meaning "firm, hard, compact" is from 1530s. Meaning "entirely of the same stuff" is from 1710. Of qualities, "well-established, considerable" c. 1600. As a mere intensifier, 1830. Slang sense of "wonderful, remarkable" first attested 1920 among jazz musicians. As an adverb, "solidly, completely," 1650s. Solid South in U.S. political history is attested from 1858. Solid state as a term in physics is recorded from 1953; meaning "employing printed circuits and solid transistors" (as opposed to wires and vacuum tubes) is from 1959. Related: Solidly.
telescope (v.): "to force together one inside the other" (like the sliding tubes of some telescopes), 1867, from telescope (n.). Related: Telescoped; telescoping.
vascular (adj.): 1670s, in anatomy, "pertaining to conveyance or circulation of fluids," from Modern Latin vascularis "of or pertaining to vessels or tubes," from Latin vasculum "a small vessel," diminutive of vas "vessel."
fallopian tube: "(In a female mammal) either of a pair of tubes along which eggs travel from the ovaries to the uterus", Early 18th century: from Fallopius, Latinized form of the name of Gabriello Fallopio (1523–62), the Italian anatomist who first described them.
cannelloni: "Rolls of pasta stuffed with a meat or vegetable mixture", Italian, literally 'large tubes', from cannello 'tube'. More cannon from Late Middle English:This large heavy piece of artillery derives its name from French canon, from Italian cannone ‘large tube’, from canna ‘cane, reed, tube’. Soldiers have been called cannon fodder, no more than material to be used up in war, since the late 19th century—the expression is a translation of German Kanonenfutter. Shakespeare did encapsulate a similar idea much earlier, with his phrase ‘food for powder’ in Henry IV Part 1. Canna or its Greek equivalent kanna is the base of a number of other words in English, as well as giving us the name of the canna lily (mid 17th century), which gets its name from the shape of its leaves. Some reflect the use of the plants for making things, some their hollow stems. Canes (Middle English) are basically the same plant. Canister (Late Middle English) was originally a basket from Latin canistrum ‘basket for bread, fruit, or flowers’, from Greek kanastron ‘wicker basket’, from kanna. Canal (Late Middle English) and channel (Middle English) both come via French from Latin canalis ‘pipe, groove, channel’ from canna, and share a source with the Italian pasta cannelloni (mid 19th century). The medical cannula (late 17th century) was originally a ‘small reed’; a canyon (mid 19th century) is from Spanish cañón ‘tube’ from canna.
triblet: "A cylindrical rod used for forging nuts, rings, tubes, and other rounded metallic objects", Early 17th century: from French triboulet, of unknown origin.