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estrange: estrange: see strange
strange: strange: [13] The etymological notion underlying strange is of being ‘beyond the usual bounds or boundaries’. This evolved into ‘foreign’ (which survives in the closely related French étrange) and ‘odd’. The word came via Old French estrange from Latin extrāneus ‘foreign, strange’ (source of English extraneous [17]), an adjective based on extrā ‘outward, outside’. Stranger [14] goes back to *extrāneārius, a Vulgar Latin derivative of extrāneus; and another derivative, extrāneāre ‘alienate’, produced English estrange [15].
=> estrange, extraneous
strangle: strangle: [13] Strangle comes via Old French estrangler and Latin strangulāre from Greek straggalān ‘strangle’. This was related to straggós ‘twisted’, and has more distant links with English string and strong – the common semantic denominator being ‘stiffness, tautness’.
=> string, strong
estrange (v.): late 15c., from Middle French estrangier "to alienate," from Vulgar Latin *extraneare "to treat as a stranger," from Latin extraneus "foreign, from without" (see strange). Related: Estranged.
estrangement (n.): 1650s, from estrange + -ment.
strange (adj.): late 13c., "from elsewhere, foreign, unknown, unfamiliar," from Old French estrange "foreign, alien, unusual, unfamiliar, curious; distant; inhospitable; estranged, separated" (Modern French étrange), from Latin extraneus "foreign, external, from without" (source also of Italian strano "strange, foreign," Spanish estraño), from extra "outside of" (see extra). In early use also strounge, straunge. Sense of "queer, surprising" is attested from late 14c. In nuclear physics, from 1956.
stranger (n.): late 14c., "unknown person, foreigner," from strange + -er (1) or else from Old French estrangier "foreigner" (Modern French étranger), from estrange. Latin used the adjective extraneus as a noun to mean "stranger." The English noun never picked up the secondary sense of the adjective. As a form of address to an unknown person, it is recorded from 1817, American English rural colloquial. Meaning "one who has stopped visiting" is recorded from 1520s.
strangle (v.): late 13c., from Old French estrangler "choke, suffocate, throttle" (Modern French étrangler), from Latin strangulare "to choke, stifle, check, constrain," from Greek strangalan "to choke, twist," from strangale "a halter, cord, lace," related to strangos "twisted," from PIE root *strenk- "tight, narrow; pull tight, twist" (see string (n.)). Related: Strangled; strangling.
strangle-hold (n.): also stranglehold, 1893, in wrestling, from strangle (v.) + hold (n.). Figurative use by 1901.
strangler (n.): 1550s, agent noun from strangle (v.).
strangulation (n.): 1540s, from Latin strangulationem (nominative strangulatio) "a choking, a suffocating," noun of action from past participle stem of strangulare (see strangle). The verb strangulate (1660s) probably is a back-formation from this. Related: Strangulated.
strangulate: "Prevent circulation of the blood supply through (a part of the body, especially a hernia) by constriction", Mid 17th century (in the sense 'suffocate'): from Latin strangulat- 'choked', from the verb strangulare (see strangle).