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sallow [sallow 词源字典]: sallow: [OE] English has two distinct words sallow. The adjective goes back to a prehistoric Germanic *salwa-, which was also borrowed into French as sale ‘dirty’. The underlying meaning appears to be ‘dark-coloured’. Its only surviving relative among the mainstream Germanic languages is Icelandic sölr ‘yellow’. Sallow ‘willow’ comes from a prehistoric Germanic *salkhaz, which also produced French saule ‘willow’ and was distantly related to Latin salix ‘willow’.
[sallow etymology, sallow origin, 英语词源]
sally: sally: [16] To sally is etymologically to ‘jump’. For the word comes ultimately from Latin salīre ‘jump’, source also of English assail, insult, salient, etc. It passed into Old French as salir, which later became saillir. From this was derived a noun saillie ‘jump’, hence ‘sudden breaking out from a defended position to attack’, which English took over and soon turned into a verb. (The name Sally, incidentally, is an alteration of Sarah, by the same phonetic process that produced Del, Hal, Moll, and Tel from Derek, Harry, Mary, and Terence.)
=> salient
disallow (v.): late 14c., "to refuse to praise," from Old French desalouer "to blame," from des- (see dis-) + alouer (see allow); meaning "to reject" is from 1550s. Related: Disallowed; disallowing; disallowance.
disallowable (adj.): mid-15c., from disallow + -able.
mesalliance (n.): "marriage with a person of lower social position," 1782, from French mésalliance, from pejorative prefix mes- (from Latin mis-; see mis-) + alliance (see alliance).
sallow (n.): "shrubby willow plant," Old English sealh (Anglian salh), from Proto-Germanic *salhjon (cognates: Old Norse selja, Old High German salaha, and first element in German compound Salweide), from PIE *sal(i)k- "willow" (cognates: Latin salix "willow," Middle Irish sail, Welsh helygen, Breton halegen "willow"). French saule "willow" is from Frankish salha, from the Germanic root. Used in Palm Sunday processions and decorations in England before the importing of real palm leaves began.
sallow (adj.): Old English salo "dusky, dark" (related to sol "dark, dirty"), from Proto-Germanic *salwa- (cognates: Middle Dutch salu "discolored, dirty," Old High German salo "dirty gray," Old Norse sölr "dirty yellow"), from PIE root *sal- (2) "dirty, gray" (cognates: Old Church Slavonic slavojocije "grayish-blue color," Russian solovoj "cream-colored"). Related: Sallowness.
Sally: fem. proper name, alteration of Sarah (compare Hal from Harry, Moll from Mary, etc.). Sally Lunn cakes (1780) supposedly named for the woman in Bath who first made them and sold them in the streets. Sally Ann as a nickname for Salvation Army is recorded from 1927.
sally (n.): 1540s, "a sudden rush, dash, or springing forth; specifically of troops from a besieged place, attacking the besiegers," from Middle French saillie "a rushing forth," noun use of fem. past participle of saillir "to leap," from Latin salire "to leap" (see salient (adj.)). Sally-port "gate or passage in a fortification to afford free egress to troops in making a sally" is from 1640s.
sally (v.): 1540s, from sally (n.). Related: Sallied; sallying.
tattersall (n.): fabric with small and even check pattern, 1891, so called because it was similar to the traditional design of horse blankets, in reference to Tattersall's, a famous London horse market and gambler's rendezvous, founded 1766 by Richard Tattersall (1724-1795). The surname is from the place in Lincolnshire, which is said to represent "Tathere's nook," "probably in the sense 'nook of dry ground in marsh'." [Cambridge Dictionary of English Place-Names]
universally (adv.): late 14c., from universal + -ly (2).
isallobar: "A line on a map connecting points at which the barometric pressure has changed by an equal amount during a specified time", Early 20th century: from iso- 'equal' + allo- 'other' + bar².