英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

aurora borealis (n.)[aurora borealis 词源字典]: 1620s, "Northern Lights," literally "northern dawn," said to have been coined by French philosopher Petrus Gassendus (1592-1655) after a spectacular display seen in France Sept. 2, 1621; see aurora + boreal. In northern Scotland and among sailors, sometimes called the dancers or the merry dancers.[aurora borealis etymology, aurora borealis origin, 英语词源]
borealis: shortening of aurora borealis (q.v.).
realia (n.): "real things," 1952, neuter plural of Late Latin realis "actual, real" (see real (adj.)).
realise (v.): chiefly British English spelling of realize; for suffix, see -ize. Related: Realisation; realised; realising.
realism (n.): 1794, from real (adj.) + -ism; after French réalisme or German Realismus; from Late Latin realis "real." Opposed to idealism in philosophy, art, etc. In reference to scholastic doctrine of Thomas Aquinas (opposed to nominalism) it is recorded from 1826. Meaning "close resemblance to the scene" (in art, literature, etc., often with reference to unpleasant details) is attested from 1856.
realist (n.): c. 1600, in philosophy, from real (adj.) + -ist, and compare French réaliste. Also see realism.
realistic (adj.): "true to reality" (of art, literature, etc.), 1829; "involving a practical view of life" (opposed to idealistic), 1831; from realist + -ic. Related: Realistically.
reality (n.): 1540s, "quality of being real," from French réalité and directly Medieval Latin realitatem (nominative realitas), from Late Latin realis (see real (adj.)). Meaning "real existence, all that is real" is from 1640s; that of "the real state (of something)" is from 1680s. Sometimes 17c.-18c. also meaning "sincerity." Reality-based attested from 1960. Reality television from 1991.
realization (n.): 1610s, "action of making real," from realize + -ation. Meaning "action of forming a clear concept" is from 1828. Related: Realizational.
realize (v.): 1610s, "bring into existence," from French réaliser "make real" (16c.), from Middle French real "actual" (see real (adj.)). Sense of "understand clearly, make real in the mind" is first recorded 1775. Sense of "obtain, amass" is from 1753. Related: Realized; realizing.
self-realization (n.): also self realization, 1839, from self- + realization.
surrealism (n.): 1927, from French surréalisme (from sur- "beyond" + réalisme "realism"), according to OED coined c. 1917 by Guillaume Apollinaire, taken over by Andre Breton as the name of the movement he launched in 1924 with "Manifeste de Surréalisme." Taken up in English at first in the French form; the anglicized version is from 1931.
De cette alliance nouvelle, car jusqu'ici les décors et les costumes d'une part, la chorégraphie d'autre part, n'avaient entre eux qu'un lien factice, il este résulté, dans 'Parade,' une sorte de surréalisme. [Apollinaire, "Notes to 'Parade' "]
See sur- (1) + realism.
surrealist (adj.): 1917, from French surréaliste (see surrealism). From 1925 as a noun.
surrealistic (adj.): 1930, from surrealist (see surrealism) + -ic.
surreality (n.): 1936, from surreal + -ity.
unrealistic (adj.): 1865, from un- (1) "not" + realistic. Related: Unrealistically.
unreality (adj.): 1751, from un- (1) "not" + reality (n.).
etherealization: "The action or process of making a thing or being ethereal or incorporeal; an instance of this", Early 19th cent.; earliest use found in Atlantic Magazine. From etherealize + -ation.