英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

thermometer [thermometer 词源字典]: thermometer: [17] Greek thérmē meant ‘heat’ (it came from prehistoric Indo-European *ghwerm-, *ghworm-, which probably also produced English warm). From it was formed French thermomètre (first recorded in 1624), which was borrowed into English in the early 1630s. The same source produced English therm [19] and thermal [18]; and thermos (from the related Greek thermós ‘hot’) was registered as a trademark for a vacuum flask in 1907.
=> warm[thermometer etymology, thermometer origin, 英语词源]
xerox: xerox: [20] Greek xērós meant ‘dry’ (it may be the ultimate source of English elixir, and is perhaps distantly related to English serene and serenade). From it was derived in the 1940s the term xerography, which denotes a process of photographic reproduction that does not involve the use of liquid developers. And xerography in turn formed the basis of xerox, which was registered as a trademark for the process in 1952 by the Haloid Company of Rochester, New York (later renamed the Xerox Corporation).
=> elixir, serenade, serene
expunction (n.): c. 1600, from Latin expunctionem (nominative expunctio), noun of action from past participle stem of expungere "prick out, blot out, mark for deletion" (see expunge).
gunk (n.): "viscous substance," 1949, American English, apparently from Gunk, trademark for a thick liquid soap patented 1932 by A.F. Curran Co. of Malden, Mass.
Jello (n.): from Jell-O, trademark for powdered gelatin food, registered 1934 by The Jell-o Company of Canada, Ltd., Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Kodak: brand of camera, arbitrary coinage by U.S. inventor George Eastman (1854-1932), U.S. trademark registered Sept. 4, 1888. In 1890s, practically synonymous with camera and also used as a verb. Kodachrome, registered trademark for a method of color photography, 1915; the product was discontinued in 2006.
ping-pong (n.): 1900, as Ping-Pong, trademark for table tennis equipment (Parker Brothers). Both words are imitative of the sound of the ball hitting a hard surface; from ping + pong (attested from 1823). It had a "phenomenal vogue" in U.S. c. 1900-1905.
simonize (v.): 1921, from Simoniz, trademark for a type of car polish invented by George Simons, who along with Elmer Rich of the Great Northern Railway organized Simons Manufacturing Company to sell it in Chicago, U.S.A., in 1910. Rich and his brother, R.J. Rich, acquired sole ownership two years later.
teletype (n.): 1904, trademark for a system of typewriters connected electronically, short for teletypewriter (1904), a form of telegraph in which the receiver prints messages like a typewriter, from tele- + typewriter.
Vaseline (n.): 1872, trademark for an ointment made from petroleum and marketed by Chesebrough Manufacturing Co., coined from German Wasser "water" + Greek elaion "oil" + scientific-sounded ending -ine. Robert A. Chesebrough was of the opinion that petroleum was a product of the underground decomposition of water.
The name is of mixed origin, being derived from Wasser, water, and elaion [Greek in the original], oil (water-oil), and indicates the belief of the discoverer that petroleum, the mother of Vaseline, is produced by the agency of heat and pressure from the carbon of certain rocks, and the hydrogen of water. ["The Monthly Review of Dental Surgery," February 1877]
Linguaphone: "A trademark for: a language-teaching system based on the use of sound recordings in conjunction with textbooks; (also in early use) a set of equipment used for this", Early 20th cent.; earliest use found in Journal of Education. From lingua + -phone, after gramophone.
chloromycetin: "Trademark for chloramphenicol", 1940s: from chloro- 'green' + Greek mukēs, mukēt- 'fungus' + -in¹.
Terramycin: "Trademark for oxytetracycline", 1950s: from Latin terra 'earth' + -mycin.
orthopantomograph: "A trademark for: an instrument for performing orthopantomography", 1950s. From ortho- + pantomograph. Compare orthopantomogram, orthopantomography.
nebule (1): " Pharmacology . A trademark for: a container for a pharmaceutical adapted for inhalation by means of a nebulizer or atomizer; such a container and its contents; the contents themselves", Late Middle English (in an earlier sense).