英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

force (v.)[force 词源字典]: c. 1300, forcen, also forsen, "exert force upon (an adversary)," from Old French forcer "conquer by violence," from force "strength, power, compulsion" (see force (n.)). From early 14c. as "to violate (a woman), to rape." From c. 1400 as "compel by force, constrain (someone to do something)." Meaning "bring about by unusual effort" is from 1550s. Card-playing sense is from 1746 (whist). Related: Forced; forcing.[force etymology, force origin, 英语词源]
inculcate (v.): 1540s, from Latin inculcatus, past participle of inculcare "force upon, stamp in, tread down," from in- "in" (see in- (2)) + calcare "to tread, press in," from calx (1) "heel." Related: Inculcated; inculcating.