c. 1400, "that which fills or fills up," verbal noun from fill (v.). Dentistry sense is from 1848. Filling station attested by 1915.[filling etymology, filling origin, 英语词源]
"lightest volatile liquid obtained from distillation of petroleum," 1864 (alternative spelling gasolene is from 1865), from gas (n.) + -ol (probably here representing Latin oleum "oil") + chemical suffix -ine (2). Shortened form gas was in common use in U.S. by 1897. Gas station as a fuel filling station for automobiles recorded by 1924.