英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

acculturate (v.): 1934, back-formation from acculturation. Related: Acculturated; acculturating.
acculturation (n.): "the adoption and assimilation of an alien culture," 1880, from ad- "to" + culture (n.) + -ation.
agricultural (adj.): 1776, from agriculture + -al (1). Related: Agriculturally; agriculturalist.
agriculture (n.): mid-15c., from Late Latin agricultura "cultivation of the land," compound of agri cultura "cultivation of land," from agri, genitive of ager "a field" (see acre) + cultura "cultivation" (see culture (n.)). In Old English, the idea could be expressed by eorðtilþ.
aquaculture (n.): 1869, from aqua- + culture (n.).
aviculture (n.): 1876, from French aviculture, from Latin avis "bird" (see aviary) + Latin cultura "cultivation" (see culture).
counterculture (n.): also counter-culture, counter culture, 1968, from counter- + culture (q.v.). Popularized by, and perhaps coined in, the book "The Making of a Counter Culture" by Theodore Roszak. As an adjective by 1972.
cultural (adj.): 1868, in reference to the raising of plants or animals, from Latin cultura "tillage" (see culture) + -al (1). In reference to the cultivation of the mind, from 1875; hence, "relating to civilization or a civilization." A fertile starter-word among anthropologists and sociologists, for example cultural diffusion, in use by 1912; cultural diversity by 1935; cultural imperialism by 1937; cultural pluralism by 1932; cultural relativism by 1948.
Cultural Revolution: 1966, from Chinese, translation of Wuchan Jieji Wenhua Da Geming "Proletarian Cultural Great Revolution."
culturalization (n.): by 1929; see cultural + -ization.
culturally (adv.): 1889, from cultural + -ly (2).
culture (n.): mid-15c., "the tilling of land," from Middle French culture and directly from Latin cultura "a cultivating, agriculture," figuratively "care, culture, an honoring," from past participle stem of colere "tend, guard, cultivate, till" (see colony). The figurative sense of "cultivation through education" is first attested c. 1500. Meaning "the intellectual side of civilization" is from 1805; that of "collective customs and achievements of a people" is from 1867.
For without culture or holiness, which are always the gift of a very few, a man may renounce wealth or any other external thing, but he cannot renounce hatred, envy, jealousy, revenge. Culture is the sanctity of the intellect. [William Butler Yeats]
Slang culture vulture is from 1947. Culture shock first recorded 1940.
cultured (adj.): 1743 in the literal sense of "cultivated," of land, etc., past participle adjective from culture; meaning "developed under controlled natural conditions" is from 1906, originally of pearls. Meaning "improved by exposure to intellectual culture" is from 1777.
enculturation (n.): 1948 (Herskovits), from en- (1) + culturation (compare acculturation).
floriculture (n.): 1822, from Latin floris, genitive of flos "flower" (see flora) + -culture on analogy of agriculture. Related: Floricultural; floriculturist.
horticultural (adj.): 1778, from horticulture + -al (1).
horticulture (n.): 1670s, "cultivation of a garden," fabricated from Latin hortus "garden" (see yard (n.1)) + cultura (see culture); probably on model of agriculture. Famously punned upon by Dorothy Parker.
horticulturist (n.): 1818, from horticulture + -ist. Earlier was horticultist (1754).
monoculture (n.): "cultivation of a single crop when others are possible," 1915, from mono- "single" + culture (n.).
multicultural (adj.): also multi-cultural, 1941, from multi- + cultural. At first often in a Canadian context. Picked up by U.S. education writers 1980s; widespread popular use from c. 1990.
multiculturalism (n.): 1965, from multicultural + -ism.
permaculture (n.): by 1978, from permanent + agriculture or culture.
puericulture (n.): "science of bringing up healthy children," including prenatal care, 1887, from French puériculture (A. Caron, 1866), from Latin puer "boy, child" (see puerility) + cultura "cultivation" (see culture).
sericulture (n.): "breeding, rearing and treatment of silkworms, 1839, from French sériciculture (19c.), from Latin sericum (nominative serica) "silk" (see serge) + cultura (see culture (n.)).
subculture (n.): 1886, in reference to bacterial cultures, from sub- + culture (n.). From 1922 in reference to human cultures.
verbiculture (n.): "the production of words," 1873, from Latin verbum "word" (see verb) + ending from agriculture, etc. Coined by Fitzedward Hall, in "Modern English." He was scolded for it in the "Edinburgh Review."
viticulture (n.): "cultivation of grapes," 1867, from French viticulture, from Latin vitis "vine" (see vise) + culture (see culture (n.)). Related: Viticultural (1855).
silviculture: "The growing and cultivation of trees", Late 19th century: from French sylviculture, from Latin silva 'wood' + French culture 'cultivation'.
mariculture: "The cultivation of fish or other marine life for food", Early 20th century: from Latin mare, mari- 'sea' + culture, on the pattern of words such as agriculture.
metaculture: "Any culture, or set of cultural phenomena, which transcends the boundaries of geography, class, epoch, etc", 1950s. From meta- + culture, probably after metacultural.
multiculturism: "= multiculturalism", 1970s. From multi- + culture + -ism, after multicultural.
pisciculture: "The controlled breeding and rearing of fish", Mid 19th century: from Latin piscis 'fish' + culture, on the pattern of words such as agriculture.
agricultural science: "The application of science to agriculture; the field of study concerned with this", Late 18th cent.; earliest use found in The Monthly Review.
apiculture: "Technical term for beekeeping", Mid 19th century: from Latin apis 'bee' + culture, on the pattern of words such as agriculture.
arboriculture: "The cultivation of trees and shrubs", Early 19th century: from Latin arbor 'tree' + culture, on the pattern of words such as agriculture.
electro-horticulture: "The application of electricity to horticulture; specifically = electroculture", Late 19th cent..
pomiculture: "Fruit-growing", Late 19th century: from Latin pomum 'fruit' + culture, on the pattern of words such as agriculture.