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culpability (n.)[culpability 词源字典]: 1670s, from Late Latin culpabilitas "guilt, culpability," from Latin culpabilis (see culpable).[culpability etymology, culpability origin, 英语词源]
culpable (adj.): late 13c., coupable, from Old French coupable (12c., Modern French coupable), from Latin culpabilis "worthy of blame," from culpare "to blame," from culpa "crime, fault, blame, guilt, error." English (and for a time French) restored the first Latin -l- in later Middle Ages.
exculpate (v.): "to clear from suspicion of wrong or guilt," 1650s, from Medieval Latin exculpatus, past participle of exculpare, from Latin ex culpa, from ex "from" (see ex-) + culpa ablative of culpa "blame, fault." Related: Exculpated; exculpating.
exculpation (n.): 1715, noun of action from exculpate.
exculpatory (adj.): 1779, from exculpate + -ory.
inculpate (v.): 1799, "to accuse, bring charges against," from Medieval Latin inculpatus, past participle of inculpare "to reproach, blame, censure," from Latin in- "in" (see in- (2)) + culpare "to blame," from culpa "fault." But inculpable (late 15c.) means "not culpable, free from blame," from Latin in- "not" (see in- (1)) + culpare.
inculpation (n.): 1798, noun of action from inculpate.
mea culpa: Latin, literally "I am to blame," a phrase from the prayer of confession in the Latin liturgy.
felix culpa: "(In Christian theology) the sin of Adam viewed as fortunate, because it brought about the blessedness of the Redemption", Latin, literally 'happy fault'.