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cranial (adj.)[cranial 词源字典]: 1779, from Modern Latin cranium, from Greek kranion "skull" (see cranium) + -al (1).[cranial etymology, cranial origin, 英语词源]
cranio-: word-forming element meaning "of the brain," from Latinized comb. form of Greek kranion "skull" (see cranium).
craniotomy (n.): 1817, from cranio- + -tomy.
cranium (n.): early 15c., craneum, from Medieval Latin cranium "skull," from Greek kranion "skull, upper part of the head," related to kara (poetic kras) "head," from PIE root *ker- (1) "horn, head" (see horn (n.)). Strictly, the bones which enclose the brain.
acrania: "Total or partial absence of the skull, occurring as a congenital malformation; an instance of this", Mid 19th cent. From scientific Latin acrania from classical Latin a- + post-classical Latin cranium + classical Latin -ia.
craniopagus: "A pair of conjoined twins attached at the head", Late 19th century: from cranio- + Greek 'that which is fixed'.
hemicrania: "Pain affecting one side of the head", Late Middle English: via late Latin from Greek hēmikrania, from hēmi- 'half' + kranion 'skull'.
craniate: "An animal that possesses a skull", Late 19th century: from modern Latin craniatus, from medieval Latin cranium (see cranium).