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arbiter (n.)[arbiter 词源字典]: late 14c., from Old French arbitre or directly from Latin arbiter "one who goes somewhere (as witness or judge)," in classical Latin used of spectators and eye-witnesses, in law, "he who hears and decides a case, a judge, umpire, mediator;" from ad- "to" (see ad-) + baetere "to come, go." The specific sense of "one chosen by two disputing parties to decide the matter" is from 1540s. The earliest form of the word attested in English is the fem. noun arbitress (mid-14c.) "a woman who settles disputes."[arbiter etymology, arbiter origin, 英语词源]
obiter (adv.): Latin, literally "by the way," from ob "to, toward" (see ob-) + iter "journey" (see ion). Klein's sources, however, say it is ob- with the suffix -iter in analogy of circiter "about" from circa. Also see obituary.
obiter dictum: "statement in passing," a judge's expression of opinion not regarded as binding or decisive, Latin, literally "something said incidentally;" see obiter + dictum.
orbiter 1954: agent noun from orbit (v.).