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heritage [heritage 词源字典]: heritage: see hereditary
[heritage etymology, heritage origin, 英语词源]
veritable: veritable: see very
authoritarian (adj.): 1862, "favoring imposed order over freedom," from authority + -an. Compare authoritative, which originally had this meaning to itself. Noun in the sense of one advocating or practicing such governance is from 1859.
authoritarianism (n.): 1883; see authoritarian + -ism. Early use mostly in communist jargon.
authoritative (adj.): c. 1600, "dictatorial" (a sense now restricted to authoritarian), from Medieval Latin authoritativus (see authority). Meaning "possessing authority" is recorded from 1650s; that of "proceeding from proper authority" is from 1809. Related: Authoritatively; authoritativeness.
Britain (n.): c. 1300, Breteyne, from Old French Bretaigne, from Latin Britannia, earlier Brittania, from Brittani "the Britons" (see Briton). The Old English place-name Brytenlond meant "Wales." If there was a Celtic name for the island, it has not been recorded.
Britannic (adj.): 1640s, from Latin Britannicus (see Britain).
caritas (n.): Latin, literally "charity" (see charity).
charitable (adj.): c. 1200, in reference to the Christian virtue, from Old French charitable, from charité (see charity). Meaning "liberal in treatment of the poor" is from c. 1400; that of "inclined to impute favorable motives to others" is from 1620s. Related: Charitableness; charitably.
extramarital (adj.): also extra-marital, by 1844, from extra- + marital.
Great Britain: c. 1400, Grete Britaigne "the land of the Britons before the English conquest" (as opposed to Brittany), also "England and Wales;" see great (adj.) + Britain.
heritable (adj.): early 15c., from Old French héritable (c. 1200), from hériter (see heritage). Related: Heritability.
heritage (n.): c. 1200, "that which may be inherited," from Old French iritage, eritage, heritage, from heriter "inherit," from Late Latin hereditare, ultimately from Latin heres (genitive heredis) "heir" (see heredity).
inheritance (n.): late 14c., enheritaunce "fact of receiving by hereditary succession;" early 15c. as "that which is inherited," from Anglo-French enheritance, Old French enheritaunce, from enheriter (see inherit). Heritance "act of inheriting" is from mid-15c.
irritability (n.): 1755, from irritable + -ity.
irritable (adj.): 1660s, from French irritable and directly from Latin irritabilis "easily excited," from irritare (see irritate). Related: Irritably.
irritant (adj.): 1630s, from Latin irritantem (nominative irritans), present participle of irritare (see irritate). As a noun, from 1802.
irritate (v.): 1530s, "stimulate to action, rouse, incite," from Latin irritatus, past participle of irritare "excite, provoke." An earlier verb form was irrite (mid-15c.), from Old French irriter. Meaning "annoy, make impatient" is from 1590s. Related: Irritated; irritating.
irritation (n.): early 15c., in reference to sores and morbid swelling, from Middle French irritation or directly from Latin irritationem (nominative irritatio) "incitement, irritation," noun of action from past participle stem of irritare (see irritate).
majoritarian: 1917 (adj.), from majority + -ian.
Margarita (n.): cocktail made with tequila, 1963, from the fem. proper name, the Spanish form of Margaret. Earlier "a Spanish wine" (1920).
marital (adj.): c. 1600, from French maritale and directly from Latin maritalis "of or belonging to married people," from maritus "married man, husband" (see marry).
premarital (adj.): also pre-marital, 1863, from pre- + marital. Phrase pre-marital sex attested from 1953.
Puritan (n.): 1560s, "opponent of Anglican hierarchy," later applied opprobriously to "person in Church of England who seeks further reformation" (1570s), probably from purity. Largely historical from 19c. in literal sense. After c. 1590s, applied to anyone deemed overly strict in matters of religion and morals.
What [William] Perkins, and the whole Puritan movement after him, sought was to replace the personal pride of birth and status with the professional's or craftsman's pride of doing one's best in one's particular calling. The good Christian society needs the best of kings, magistrates, and citizens. Perkins most emphasized the work ethic from Genesis: "In the swaete of thy browe shalt thou eate thy breade." [E. Digby Baltzell, "Puritan Boston and Quaker Philadelphia," 1979]
puritanical (adj.): c. 1600, from Puritan + -ical. Chiefly in disparaging use. Related: Puritanically.
Puritanism (n.): 1570s, from Puritan + -ism. Originally in reference to specific doctrines; from 1590s of excessive moral strictness generally. In this sense, famously defined by H.L. Mencken (1920) as "the haunting fear that someone, somewhere may be happy."
Ritalin (n.): proprietary name (Ciba Ltd., originally in Switzerland) for drug methylphenidate hydrochloride, copyrighted 1948, years before the drug itself was marketed.
ritardando (adj.): 1811, from Italian, present participle of ritardare, from Latin retardare (see retardation).
Ruritanian (adj.): "utopian," 1896, from Ruritania, name of an imaginary kingdom in "The Prisoner of Zenda" (1894) by Anthony Hope (1863-1933), who coined it from Latin rus (genitive ruris) "country" (see rural) + Latinate ending -itania (compare Mauritania).
Samaritan (n.): Old English, "inhabitant of Samaria," a district of Palestine, from Late Latin Samaritanus, from Greek Samareia (see Samaria). A non-Hebrew race was settled in its cities by the king of Assyria after the removal of the Israelites from the country. They later adopted some Jewish ways, but largely remained apart. Figurative use with reference to the good Samaritan is first recorded 1630s, from Luke x:33. Related: Samaritanism.
senorita (n.): "a young Spanish lady," 1823, from Spanish señorita, Spanish title corresponding to English "Miss," diminutive of señora (see senora). The Portuguese equivalent is senhorita.
uncharitable (adj.): mid-15c., from un- (1) "not" + charitable (v.). Related: Uncharitably (late 14c.).
veritable (adj.): early 15c., from Anglo-French and Old French veritable "true, real, truthful, valid (in law)," from verité (see verity) + -able. Probably lost mid-17c. and reborrowed or revived after 1830. Related: Veritably.
veritas (n.): Latin, literally "truth, truthfulness," from verus "true" (see very). Latin phrase in vino veritas is attributed to Pliny the Elder, though there is a Greek version of it.
inheritable: "Capable of being inherited", Late Middle English (formerly also as enheritable): from Anglo-Norman French enheritable 'able to be made heir', from Old French enheriter (see inherit).
tritagonist: "The person who is third in importance, after the protagonist and deuteragonist, in an ancient Greek drama", Late 19th century: from Greek tritagōnistēs, from tritos 'third' + agōnistēs 'actor'.
tritanopia: "A rare form of colour blindness resulting from insensitivity to blue light, causing confusion of greens and blues", Early 20th century: from trito- 'third' (referring to blue as the third colour in the spectrum) + an-¹ 'without' + -opia.
puritanize: "To make puritan; to imbue with or instil puritanism", Early 17th cent.; earliest use found in Thomas Fitzherbert (1552–1640), Jesuit. From puritan + -ize.