英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

genre [genre 词源字典]: genre: see general
[genre etymology, genre origin, 英语词源]
citizenry (n.): "citizens collectively," 1795, from citizen + -ry.
Conrad: masc. proper name, from Old High German Kuonrat, literally "bold in counsel," from kuon "bold" + rat "counsel" (see read (v.)).
downright (adv.): c. 1200, "straight down," from down (adv.) + right (adj.1). Meaning "thoroughly" attested from c. 1300. Old English had dunrihte "downwards," and inverted form right-down is attested 17c.
enrage (v.): late 14c., "make furious or mad" (implied in enraged), from Old French enragier "go wild, go mad, lose one's senses," from en- "make, put in" (see en- (1)) + rage "rabies, rage" (see rage (n.)). Related: Enraging. Intransitive only in Old French; but the transitive sense is oldest and predominant in English.
enrapt (adj.): c. 1600, "carried away by (prophetic) ecstasy," from en- "make, put in" (see en- (1)) + rapt.
enrapture (v.): 1740, from en- (1) "put in" + rapture (n.). Related: Enraptured.
enrich (v.): late 14c., "to make wealthy," from Old French enrichir "enrich, enlarge," from en- "make, put in" (see en- (1)) + riche "rich" (see rich). Figurative sense "supply with abundance of something desirable" is from 1590s. Meaning "to fertilize" is from c. 1600. Scientific sense of "to increase the abundance of a particular isotope in some material" is first attested 1945. Related: Enriched; enriching.
enrichment (n.): 1620s, from enrich + -ment.
enrobe (v.): 1590s, from en- (1) "in" + robe (n.). Related: Enrobed; enrobing.
enrol (v.): alternative spelling of enroll. Related: Enroled; enroling.
enroll (v.): mid-14c. (transitive), from Old French enroller "record in a register, write in a roll" (13c., Modern French enrôler), from en- "make, put in" (see en- (1)) + rolle (see roll (n.)). Related: Enrolled; enrolling.
enrollment (n.): also enrolment, mid-15c., "act of enrolling," from Anglo-French enrollement, from Middle French enrollement, from Old French enroller "record in a register" (see enroll). Meaning "total number enrolled" is from 1859, American English.
falconry (n.): 1570s, from French fauconnerie, from faucon (see falcon).
freemasonry (n.): mid-15c., from freemason + -ry.
genre (n.): 1770, "particular style of art," a French word in English (nativized from c. 1840), from French genre "kind, sort, style" (see gender (n.)). Used especially in French for "independent style." In painting, as an adjective, "depicting scenes of ordinary life" (a domestic interior or village scene, as compared to landscape, historical, etc.) from 1849.
Genro (n.): "elder statesman of Japan," 1876, from Japanese, literally "first elders."
goldenrod (n.): 1560s, from golden + rod (n.). So called for its yellow heads.
Henrietta: fem. proper name, from French Henriette, fem. diminutive of Henri (see Henry). In late 19c. a type of light dress fabric.
Henry: masc. proper name, from French Henri, from Late Latin Henricus, from German Heinrich, from Old High German Heimerich, literally "the ruler of the house," from heim "home" + rihhi "ruler." One of the most popular Norman names after the Conquest.
inro: 1610s, from Japanese, from Chinese yin "seal" + lung "basket."
inroad (n.): 1540s, "hostile incursion, raid, foray," from in- (2) "in;" second element is road in the obsolete sense of "riding;" related to raid. Related: Inroads.
masonry (n.): "stonework," mid-14c., from Old French maçonerie (14c.), from maçon (see mason).
Monroe Doctrine: 1848, in reference to principles of policy contained in the message of U.S. President James Monroe to Congress on Dec. 2, 1823.
moonrace (n.): also moon race, "national rivalry to be first to send humans to the moon," 1963, from moon (n.) + race (n.1).
moonraker (n.): in England, a name traditionally given to Wiltshire people, attested from 1787, is from the stock joke about fools who mistook the reflection of the moon in a pond for a cheese and tried to rake it out. But as told in Wiltshire, the men were surprised trying to rake up kegs of smuggled brandy, and put off the revenuers by acting foolish.
moonrise (n.): 1728, from moon (n.) + rise (n.).
mouton enrage (n.): 1932, from French mouton enragé, literally "angry sheep." "A normally calm person who has become suddenly enraged or violent" [OED].
senryu: form of Japanese poetry, 1901, from name of Karai Senryu (1718-90), Japanese poet.
sunrise (n.): mid-15c., from sun (n.) + rise (v.); perhaps it evolved from a Middle English subjunctive, such as before the sun rise. Earlier in same sense were sunrist (mid-14c.); sunrising (mid-13c.). Compare sunset.
sunroof (n.): of a car, by 1957, from sun (n.) + roof (n.). Originally on European models.
unravel (v.): c. 1600 (transitive), from un- (2) + ravel (v.). Intransitive from 1640s. "The prefix is either reversive or intensive, according as ravel is taken to mean 'tangle' or 'untangle'" [Century Dictionary]. Related: Unravelled; unravelling; unravellment.
unreachable (adj.): 1590s, from un- (1) "not" + reachable (adj.).
unread (adj.): mid-15c., from un- (1) "not" + past participle of read (v.).
unreadable (adj.): 1787, of written material, "dull, distasteful," from un- (1) "not" + readable (adj.). Meaning "illegible" is from 1830.
unready (adj.): mid-14c., "not prepared," from un- (1) "not" + ready (adj.).

In English history, applied from c. 1200 (Etheldredus Unrad) to Anglo-Saxon King Æðelræd II (968-1016), where it preserves Middle English unredi, a different adjective, from Old English ungeræd "ill-advised, rede-less, no-counsel" and plays on the king's name (which means "good-counsel"). Old English ræd "advice, counsel" is related to read (v.). Rede "counsel" survived in poetic usage to 17c. An attempted revival by Scott (19c.) failed, though it is used in Tolkien's "Lord of the Rings."
unreal (adj.): c. 1600, "not real," from un- (1) "not" + real (adj.). Meaning "impractical, visionary" is by 1660s. Slang sense of "wonderful, great" is first recorded 1965.
Unreal City,
Under the brown fog of a winter dawn,
A crowd flowed over London Bridge, so many,
I had not thought death had undone so many.

[Eliot, "The Waste Land," 1922]
unrealistic (adj.): 1865, from un- (1) "not" + realistic. Related: Unrealistically.
unreality (adj.): 1751, from un- (1) "not" + reality (n.).
unreason (n.): c. 1300, "injustice;" 1827, "absense of reason," from un- (1) "not" + reason (n.).
unreasonable (adj.): mid-14c., "irrational, illogical," from un- (1) "not" + reasonable. From late 14c. as "excessive, going beyond what is sensible or realistic." Related: Unreasonably; unreasonableness.
unrecognizable (adj.): 1817, from un- (1) "not" + recognizable (see recognize (v.)). Related: Unrecognizably.
unreconciled (adj.): mid-15c., from un- (1) "not" + past participle of reconcile (v.).
unreconstructed (adj.): 1867, "not reconciled to the outcome of the American Civil War," from un- (1) "not" + past participle of reconstruct (v.). See Reconstruction.
unredeemed (adj.): 1540s, "unsaved;" 1805, "not balanced by any good quality," from un- (1) "not" + past participle of redeem (v.).
unredorded (adj.): 1580s, from un- (1) "not" + past participle of record (v.).
unrefined (adj.): 1590s, "not refined in manners," from un- (1) "not" + past participle of refine (v.). Meaning "not free from gross matter" is recorded from 1610s.
unreformed (adj.): 1520s, from un- (1) "not" + past participle of reform (v.).
unregenerate (adj.): 1610s, from un- (1) "not" + regenerate (adj.).
unrelated (adj.): 1660s, "not akin," from un- (1) "not" + past participle of relate (v.). Meaning "not in any relationship" is attested from 1660s; that of "not told" is from 1764.